Bones of Face & Cranial Skeleton
Is the occipital bone paired or unpaired?
Unpaired
What are the central and lateral incisors used for?
The central and lateral incisors are used for cutting food
All facial muscles are inserted into…?
All facial muscles are inserted into the orbicularis oris
What type of frequency does the articulatory system have?
Resonant Frequency
What is mastication?
The preparation of food for swallowing
This bone is also known as the “cheekbone” .
Zygomatic bone
What are the largest type of teeth we have?
Molars
Which muscle forms the bulk of the tongue?
Genioglossus
Which system helps with resonation?
Articulatory System
What is the difference between deglutition and dysphagia?
Deglutition is the ACT of swallowing, dysphagia is DISORDERS of swallowing at any stage in the process
This bone begins as paired, but is fused at around age one.
The mandible
What is a class 2 malocclusion?
Overbite
What is the primary elevator of the velum?
Levator Veli Palatini
Which four major articulators help with resonation?
Lips, mandible, tongue, and velum
What are the phases of swallowing in order?
Oral prep. and oral transit
Pharyngeal
Esophageal
What is the main function of the nasal conchae?
Provides warming of air as it passes to the lungs
The relationship between the Mandible and the Maxillary with reference to dentition is…?
Occlusion
What is the largest mobile articulator?
The tongue
Which theory claims that there is a “master control mechanism” that dictates the muscle movements based on linguistic goal?
Central Control Theory
Name 2 problems that can occur during the pharyngeal stage of swallowing.
Aspiration
Delayed swallow reflex
Penetration
Nasal regurgitation (slow velar elevation)
Slowed pharyngeal transit time
Pooling/Residue post reflex
Name the 4 sutures of the skull
Coronal, Sagittal, Squamous, and Lambdoidal
What are Supernumerary Teeth?
They are teeth in addition to our normal set of teeth.
Which muscle is the major depressor of the velum?
Palatoglossus Muscle
What theory claims that articulation arises from structures response to movement in a certain direction?
Dynamic Systems Theory
The swallowing reflex is originated by the medulla, but the rest of swallowing is mediated by what? (Hint: 2 things)
Cranial Nerves and the Cortex (including both the motor and sensory system)