Error Correction
This error correction procedure is best for early learners and when teaching prerequisite skills.
Example: toddler learning to complete a ring stacker.
Practice Trials
In a least-to-most hierarchy, what comes immediately after delivering the SD?
Wait latency period
FR1 means reinforcement is delivered how often?
Every correct response
Client: "October 31"
The IT waits up to 3 seconds before prompting to ensure the correct response.
Time Delay
What protocol creates behaviour momentum? What is it used for?
Provide an example:
A high-p sequence.
A strategy that uses a few easy, quick- simple instructions (high-p) to build momentum, making it more likely the learner wil follow a harder or less preferred instruction (low-p)
e.g. clap hands, touch head, wave, and clean your crayons
Used when teaching discrimination skills and preventing response memorization.
Example: Identifying letters, answering social questions.
Distractor Trials
In least-to-most verbal prompting, what comes before full verbal?
Partial verbal
In an 80x3 mastery (5 trials), what percentage must be acheived before post-test on the second day the client receives 80%?
80%
Whats Graduated Guidance?
Provide an example
During "Wash Hands," the instructor taps the client's elbow, then uses hand-over-hand prompting only when necessary, using the least amount of assistance needed.
When a behavior occurs only in the presence of a specific ______, and not in the presence of other stimuli.
SD (Stimulus Discrimination)
Appropriate for advanced learners and multi-step/complex concepts.
Time Delay
This is the most intrusive prompt in a physical hierarchy.
Full physical
During baseline, reinforcement and error correction are handled how?
Do not reinforce, do not error correct.
How do you run distractor trial error correction?
The instructor says, "Show me blue." The client touches red. The instructor models touching blue, then inserts high-probability responses before running an independent trial.
If client errors again repeat again, and then instead of the independent trial, run an errrorless trial
_______ provides zero chance of reinforcement for the target behavior.
Extinction
Used in chaining programs to reset behavioral momentum.
Back-Step
In least-to-most physical prompting, what comes after a gesture prompt?
Partial Physical
VR schedules reinforce after what?
An average number of correct responses
During a "wash hands" chain, the client skips turning off the tap. The instructor interrupts and has the client return to a previous mastered step before completing the chain.
Whats this procedure called?
Back-step error correction
What is negative reinforcement?
Provide an example
Increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future by removing an aversive stimulus
e.g.
Taking aspirin (behavior) →headache goes away (stimulus removed)
→taking aspirin happens more ni the future
Used for near-mastered chains when a client struggles with specific steps.
Graduated Guidance
During the prompt hierarchy, you should NOT do this before the latency period.
(unless PBx or incorrect response).
Re-deliver/repeat the SD
In VR2, reinforcement is delivered after approximately how many correct responses?
An average of 2 correct responses.
Demonstrate an example of practice trials error correction
*role play in your team
Practice Trials
IT: "You sleep on a..."
Client: "Shoe."
IT immediately says "Bed," has the client repeat "Bed," provides praise,
Staff re-delivers the SD.
Prompt correct response: "Bed"
Client repeats "Bed"
staff "yes you sleep on a bed"
Staff re-delivers the SD.
Prompt correct response: "Bed"
Client repeats "Bed"
staff "yes you sleep on a bed"
SD again: "you sleep on a.."
Prompt correct response using L-->M (e.g. bee)
Client independently says "bed"
The 4 basic schedules of reinforcement are:
1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. _______
Fixed Ratio (FR), Fixed Interval (FI), Variable Ratio (VR), and Variable Interval (VI)