For whom, what, and who's benefit?
White, middle class protestant men
"What group's voice was always heard in education"
Accumulated disparities in education access, resources, and opportunities for marginalized groups caused by historical and systemic inequities
What is the education debt?
Social Mobility, Social Efficiency, and Democratic Equality
What are Dr. Labree's goals of education?
In many U.S. states today, schools are funded through local property taxes, which creates vast disparities between affluent and low-income areas. This is an example which education debt?
What is economic debt?
Asian Americans, African Americans, Indigenous people, Mexican Americans, Italian Americans
What groups voices were not heard in education?
Historical, Economic, Sociopolitical, Moral
What are the four types of education debts?
_____ ______ centers on individual advancement, positioning education as a tool for personal gain
What is social mobility?
Many schools in low-income areas do not offer the same access to Advanced Placement (AP) courses, college prep classes, or extracurricular programs that schools in affluent areas do. Which of the education debts describes this modern issue?
What is historical debt?
Transform minoritized students into “Americans” with idealized, Protestant-based American identities
What was the purpose of Protestant schools?
Segregation of schools caused inferior quality of education for miniortized groups, demonstrating the ___ debt
What is economic debt?
The primary goal of colonial schools was ____ _______. Indigenous children were trained in low-wage crafts in order to support the American economy while they were forcefully removed from their culture and history.
What is social efficiency?
Black and Latinx students are more likely to be suspended or expelled compared to their White peers for the same behaviors, a practice known as the school-to-prison pipeline. This describes which education debt?
What is moral debt?
Forced assimilation, racism, discrimination
"What methods were used to ensure the ancestor groups had to follow a white Americanized education?"
Fill in the blank: "our largest ___ debt is to the indigenous peoples whose presence was all but eradicated from the nation” (Ladson-Billings 7)
What is moral debt?
African-American teachers were empowered to become change agents who then would inspire their students within their respective schools. African American schools pre segregation created some of the most notable civil leaders. This is an example of Lambree's _____ ______.
What is democratic equality?
Legacy admissions disproportionately benefit White students, whose families have long had access to elite institutions. Meanwhile, Black, Latinx, and Indigenous students, whose families were historically excluded from these universities, are left at a significant disadvantage. This reflects which debt?
What is historical debt?
Saw minioritzed groups as a threat to the White population, political unity, political hegemony
Why did White Americans remove the voices of minoritized groups from education?
The belief that students from low-income and racial/ethnic minority backgrounds fail in school stems from the idea that they have inherent flaws within themselves or their families
What is deficit thinking?
Booker T. Washington's stance on the purpose of schools for African American men aligns with this purpose of school discussed by Dr. Lambree
social efficiency
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed stark disparities in access to technology. Low-income students, often from communities of color, were far more likely to lack access to reliable internet and devices, limiting their ability to participate in remote learning. Which debts does this reflect?
What are historical and sociopolitical debts?