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Cell Structures/Functions
DNA
Genetics
Cell Processes/Transport
Biomolecules
100
How does the cell membrane help to maintain the health of this cell? A. by providing support and structure for the cell B. by manufacturing protein to provide energy for the cell C. by regulating the transport of materials in and out of the cell D. both A & C
D. both A & C
100
The complementary shapes of the nitrogenous bases represent which of the following? A. The tendency of nitrogenous bases to attract identical bases. B. Nitrogenous bases are nearly identical to each other. C. Nitrogenous bases chemically bond in specific pairs. D. The tendency of nitrogenous bases to absorb energy during bonding.
C. Nitrogenous bases chemically bond in specific pairs.
100
A white rat (Ww) is crossed with a black rat (ww). What percentage of the rat offspring is predicted to be black? A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 75%
C. 50%
100
A network of neural cells, called neurons, helps the human body communicate with itself. These neurons require a very particular concentration of Na+ and K= inside and outside of their cells. In order to maintain this balance a protein, which uses energy, must work to pump ions against their concentration gradient (from low to high concentration). What is this process called? F. Passive Transport G. Diffusion H. Active Transport J. Facilitated Diffusion
H. Active Transport
100
Like complex carbohydrates, proteins are biomolecules that serve many functions and can be chemically broken down and restructured. Both proteins and complex carbohydrates are which of the following? A. Polymers of smaller subunits B. Sequences of sugars C. Lipids of large molecules D. Nucleotides of DNA
A. Polymers of smaller subunits
200
Which of the following organelles are involved in the synthesis and packaging of proteins in an animal cell? A. Ribosomes, vacuoles, nucleus B. Golgi apparatus, rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes C. Cell membrane, golgi apparatus, nucleus D. Rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, lysosomes
B. Golgi apparatus, rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes
200
Which of the following is the largest? A. Nucleotide B. Nitrogenous Base C. Phosphate D. 5-Carbon Sugar
A. Nucleotide
200
If several pea plants with the genotype T TYy are crossed with pea plants with the genotype Ttyy, what percentage of the offspring will be expected to have the T TYy allele combination? A. 25% B. 40% C. 50% D 75%
A. 25%
200
Frog eggs are taken from a freshwater pond where there is low salt concentration, and placed in a salt water aquarium. What will most likely happen? A. Water will leave the egg B. Water will enter the egg C. Water will neither enter nor leave the egg D. The egg will burst
A. Water will leave the egg
200
Which of the following is one way to identify carbohydrates from the other biomolecules? A. They contain nitrogenous bases. B. They are made up of long chains of fatty acids. C. Their carbon: hydrogen: oxygen ratio is 1:2:1. D. Each of their subunits contains phosphorus.
C. Their carbon: hydrogen: oxygen ratio is 1:2:1.
300
When a cell is deprived of oxygen, its lysosomes tend to burst and release their contents into the cell. As a result the cell will... A. produce additional ER. B. undergo cell division. C. recycle damaged organelles. D. produce replacement lysosomes. E. undergo self-digestion and die
E. undergo self-digestion and die
300
What type of mutation is depicted in this sequence? T-G-A-G-G-T-C-T-C-C-T-C T-G-A-G-G-T-C-A-C-C-T-C A. Substitution B. Insertion C. Deletion D. Frameshift
A. Substitution
300
How does DNA in cells determine an organism’s complex traits? A. DNA contains codes for proteins, which are necessary for the growth and functioning of an organism. B. DNA separates into long single strands that make up each part of an organism. C. DNA produces the energy an organism needs in order to grow. D. DNA folds into the nucleus of each of the cells of an organism.
A. DNA contains codes for proteins, which are necessary for the growth and functioning of an organism.
300
Which answer choice below correctly identifies the activities which take place during each phase? A. M Phase: DNA Replication G1 Phase: Cell Growth S Phase: Preparation for Mitosis G2 Phase: Mitosis and Cytokinesis B. M Phase: Preparation for Cell Growth G1 Phase: Cell Growth S Phase: DNA Replication and Mitosis G2 Phase: Cytokinesis C. M Phase: Cell Growth G1 Phase: DNA Replication S Phase: Mitosis and Cytokinesis G2 Phase: Cell Death D. M Phase: Mitosis and Cytokinesis G1 Phase: Cell Growth S Phase: DNA replication G2 Phase: Preparation for Mitosis
D. M Phase: Mitosis and Cytokinesis G1 Phase: Cell Growth S Phase: DNA replication G2 Phase: Preparation for Mitosis
300
Which of the following biomolecules typically contains both nitrogen and phosphate? F. Lipid G. Protein H. Nucleic acid J. Carbohydrate
H. Nucleic acid
400
Which of these statements best explains the process of energy conversion that takes place in the mitochondria? F. Energy is required for carbon dioxide molecules to form six-carbon sugar molecules. G. Water molecules and radiant energy are necessary for anaerobic respiration to take place. H. Oxygen molecules release energy in the form of heat during combustion reactions. J. The energy in the bonds of glucose molecules is transferred to the phosphate bonds in ATP.
J. The energy in the bonds of glucose molecules is transferred to the phosphate bonds in ATP.
400
Characteristics such as a widow’s peak or attached earlobes are determined by the genetic code. Which components of DNA are referred to as the genetic code? F. Phosphate groups G. Nitrogenous bases H. Deoxyribose sugars J. Hydrogen bonds
G. Nitrogenous bases
400
Crossing-over between nonsister chromatids during meiosis is significant in heredity. This process most likely leads to an increase in which of the following? F. The expression of dominant traits G. Number of gametes H. The occurrence of polyploidy J. Genetic variation
J. Genetic variation
400
In order for a cell to divide successfully, the cell must first... A. duplicate its genetic information B. decrease its number of organelles C. increase in size D. decrease its volume
A. duplicate its genetic information
400
Proteins and polysaccharides are polymers. These polymers are formed by dehydration synthesis. Which statement correctly identifies a difference in the structure of proteins and polysaccharides? F. Only polysaccharides are comprised of repeating units of cytosine, adenine, guanine, and thymine. G. Only proteins are formed from amino acids joined by peptide bonds. H. Only polysaccharides can be folded and twisted to very specific shapes. J. Only proteins can be large molecules with thousands of subunits.
G. Only proteins are formed from amino acids joined by peptide bonds.
500
Which cellular process takes place in the ribosomes that are bound to the endoplasmic reticulum? A. The breakdown of waste material B. The conversion of radiant energy to glucose C. The synthesis of new proteins D. The replication of nucleic acids
C. The synthesis of new proteins
500
Mr. Jones extracted a strand of DNA from Acropora palmata. He found that 22% of the DNA contains thymine. What percentage of the DNA is guanine?
78%
500
In Yorkies the allele for a black coat color (B) is dominant over the allele for a brown coat color (b). If a brown Yorkie is crossed with a heterozygous black Yorkie, which of the following genotypic ratios can be expected? F. 0 BB: 2 Bb: 2 bb G. 1 BB: 2 Bb: 1 bb H. 2 BB: 0 Bb: 2 bb J. 2 BB: 1 Bb: 0 bb
F. 0 BB: 2 Bb: 2 bb
500
Enzymes are proteins that help increase the rate of chemical reactions inside cells. These proteins are composed of many simpler molecules called amino acids. Which of the following suggests that the shape of an enzyme determines the enzyme’s function? F. Enzymes are specific to a substrate. G. Enzymes can operate in a wide range of conditions. H. Enzymes are activated by neighboring molecules. J. Enzymes can be found in all life-forms.
F. Enzymes are specific to a substrate.
500
Carbohydrates are more easily metabolized than lipids. However, on a gram-for-gram basis lipids provide cells with more — F. nitrogen G. proteins H. structure J. energy
J. Energy