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100

The amount of salt that can be dissolved in water is known as: 

salinity

100

What type of heat transfer fits this description?

You and your friends are camping and at night, decide to build a campfire. The heat from the campfire can be felt by you all even though we can't "see" this happening.  This is an indirect type of heat that moves heat from one object to another that we cannot physically see.

radiation

100

What happens to the temperature and pressure as we go deeper and deeper into the oceean? 

Temperature gets much colder & pressure increases greatly.

100

The term for the ability to do work is known as:

energy

100

The amount (%) of moisture in the air is known as: 

humidity

200

What is evaporation? 

It is the stage where LIQUID water is heated to the point where it changes into a VAPOR (GAS) and the molecules travel up into the air.

200

Which sphere contains the mountains, prairies, sand dunes, earth's layers, etc.

geopshere

200

Name some weather tools AND explain what they are able to measure.

Psychrometer (or hygrometer) measures humidity (the level of moisture in the air)

Thermometer (measures temperature)

Barometer measures air pressure

Weather Balloon measures many things- sent into the air to measure pressure, humidity, wind speed, temp, etc.

Rain Gauge measures the amount of rainfall in an area. 

and many more.....

200

a band of high speed winds 

jet stream

200

Ponds and oceans belong to this sphere: 

hydropshere

300

Name the Earth's 4 layers from the most inner layer to the outer. I will start you out:

1) inner core

2) ?

3) ?

4) ? 

inner core

outer core

mantle

crust

300
When animals release water (in vapor form) as they breathe out, this is known as: 

respiration

300

This is the study of land surfaces, their forms and their features:

topography

300

Name the 3 main types of rock. 

sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic

300

What is the difference between a rock that has FINE grain, vs. a rock that has COARSE grain? 

Fine grain means we CANNOT see a difference in the rock's particles with our eyes.  The grains/particles are VERY small.

Coarse grain means we CAN see a difference in the particles easily with our eyes- the grains are large enough.

400

What is SEDIMENTARY ROCK and HOW does it form? 

Rock that is made up of layers. Erosion and weathering change boulders and even mountains into sediments (small particles) over a long period of time. This creates a layered effect. It is like a huge stack of very thin pancakes that build upon each other over many years.  The oldest fossils are found in the lower layers of sedimentary rock.

400

To solve for the density of an obejct, let's say some unknown rock or mineral, we can simply divide the mass by the volume.  So, what would be the density of an object that has the following:

- a mass of 108g

- a volume of 6mL³ 

Answer: Divide 108 by 6 and we get --> 18g/mL³ 

400

What is condensation?

It is the stage where VAPOR/GAS particles form droplets by attaching to particles in the air causing a LIQUID to form.

400
This type of air front is where warm air gets caught between 2 cold air masses.  It's pattern appears as: triangle, semi-circle, triangle on the same side of the line.  It often brings rain and snow. 

occluded

400

When a mineral breaks easily into several very thin, smooth _______ it is known as cleavage. 

layers

500

What are the THREE types of heat transfer?

convection

conduction

radiation

500

Luster is a word often used when studying an unknown mineral.  Is describes how a mineral reflects _____. 

Some common words we use to describe it: 

- glassy, dull, pearly, greasy, metallic

light

500

When a mineral is broken down into several jagged pieces that are uneven and of differnt size, this type of breakage is called: 

fracture 

(think of when someone factures a bone- it is not a clean break, fractures are jagged which is why we heal a lot slower)

500

What is a meteorologist? 

A person who studies weather- it's patterns, causes, storms; they use many different instruments to help predict the weather coming, pretty accurately.
500

What type of heat transfer fits this description?

Under Earth's surface, there is constant movement of heat within the mantle. This heat moves in a continuous circular pattern to maintain (keep) an even distribution. This very same process happens in some ovens. 

convection