Vocabulary I
“type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism”
Sexual Reproduction
The longest phase of interphase, cells do most of their growing during this phase:
G1
During this phase, the chromosomes separate and move along spindle fibers to opposite ends of the cell.
Anaphase
“threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic information”
Chromosome
This is the formula for calculating the volume of a cube.
LxWxH
“process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells”
Cell Division
DNA is replicated during the S phase. The S stands for this:
Synthesis
This forms along the cell membrane just before cytokinesis in animal cells:
Cleavage furrow
“phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell”
Metaphase
As the size of a cell increases, the surface area to volume ratio does this:
Decreases
“process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent”
Asexual Reproduction
“Binary fission results in the production of two cells that are genetically this:”
Identical
During this phase, a nuclear envelope re-forms around each cluster of chromosomes:
Telophase
“division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells”
Cytokinesis
Hydras reproduce by this process:
Budding
“region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach”
Centromere
DNA and 8 histone molecules form beadlike structures called these:
nucleosomes
This is the longest phase of mitosis:
Prophase
“one of two identical “sister” parts of a duplicated chromosome”
Chromatid
This plant forms plantlets that grow into a new organism.
Kalanchoe
“structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division”
Centriole
These are the 2 parts of the M phase:
Mitosis, cytokinesis
From your notes: for most cells how long does it take for the M phase to occur?
less than 1 hour
“series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells”
Cell Cycle
These are 3 difficulties a cell faces as it increases in size:
Information Overload, Nutrients In, Wastes Out