Show:
Concepts of Lifespan Development
Data Collection Methods and Research Design
Theories and Theorists of Lifespan Development
Prenatal Development
Labor and Delivery and Assessment of Neonate
100
What is the scientific study of age-related changes in behavior, thinking, emotion, and personality?
Human Development
100
What is a correlation?
a relationship between two variables that can be expressed as a number ranging from -1 .00 to +1.00
100
What style of developmental theory believes that developmental change happens because internal drives and emotions influence behavior?
Psychoanalytic Theories
100
True or False. Organogenesis is the process of organ development and is completed by the end of week 8.
True
100
True or False. General anesthesia is administered later in labor to block pain in certain parts of the body.
False
200
_________ focuses on the importance of changes within all periods of development, and that each change must be interpreted with regard to the culture and context they occur in.
Lifespan Perspective
200
What is the difference between a sample and a representative sample?
A sample is simply a subset of a population. A representative sample is a subset of a population that is composed of equal portions of females, males, Democrats, Republicans, etc.
200
According to Freud’s psychosexual stages, what stage is the infant considered to be in?
Oral Stage
200
Development that proceeds from the head down is known as __(1)__ and development that proceeds from the middle of the body outward is known as ___(2)___.
1. Cephalocaudal Pattern 2. Proximodistal Pattern
200
What is the main reason for administering a cesarean section?
Breech Presentation, which is when the infant’s feet or bottom is delivered first.
300
Which of the following are considered to be non-normative changes? A. Body Type B. Personality C. Hair Color D. Intelligence E. Genetic Disorders
All are examples of non-normative changes; there are two categories of individual differences, the first category includes genetic differences and the second category includes characteristics that are influenced by heredity and the environment
300
If I were to observe an individual’s everyday life without interfering or changing any elements of their usual experiences which of the following descriptive methods would I be utilizing? A. Case Study B. Laboratory Observation C. Naturalistic Observation D. Survey
C. Naturalistic Observation; this involves observing people in their natural environments
300
What is the title of Erikson’s psychosocial stage in which an individual develops the ability to organize activities around a goal, become more assertive and aggressive and gain purpose? A. Industry vs. Inferiority B. Intimacy vs. Isolation C. Initiative vs. Guilt D. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
300
What are the three stages of prenatal development and what are the milestones that mark the beginning and end of each?
1. The Germinal Stage begins at conception and ends with implantation 2. The Embryonic Stage begins at implantation and ends at the end of week 8 3. The Fetal Stage begins at week 8 and continues until birth
300
Which of the following is not an indicator assessed by the Apgar Scale? A. Respiration B. Weight C. Heart beats per minute D. Muscle tone
Weight
400
What are the three domains under which we develop and what developmental changes does each domain contain?
1) Cognitive Domain: thinking, memory, problem solving, and other intellectual skills 2) Social Domain: variables associated with the relationship an individual has with others 3) Physical Domain: changes in size, shape, and characteristics of the body
400
If I were to conduct an experiment and I gave my treatment to a participant in order to produce a particular effect the participant would be part of the __(1)_ group and the treatment would be the __(2)__ variable.
1) Experimental 2) Independent
400
Which of the following theorists believes that development does not always require reinforcement, but rather development can occur as a result of observational learning? A. Skinner B. Erikson C. Freud D. Bandura
D. Bandura Bandura's Social-Cognitive theory focuses on what an observer learns from watching others.
400
How does fetal behavior correlate with behavior after birth?
Fetal behavior can be used as an indicator to predict the child’s behavior; fetuses that are active tend to be active children, fetuses that are less active are more likely to become children who have an intellectual disability.
400
Pressure on the umbilical cord is one known cause of __(1)__ which is signaled by a sudden change in heart rate and can lead to __(2)__, or oxygen deprivation.
1. Fetal Distress 2. Anoxia
500
Nicole is a 14 year old girl. Between the ages of 10 and 12 she grew 2 inches, this would be considered a __(1)__ change. As she entered adolescence she began to menstruate, thus giving her the ability to reproduce, this would be considered a __(2)__ change.
1) quantitative or continuous change 2) qualitative change
500
Explain the different study designs and how age is incorporated into each of them. 1) Cross-Sectional Design 2) Longitudinal Design 3) Sequential Design
1) Cross-Sectional Design: can study groups or people at different ages 2) Longitudinal Design: focuses on the same people over a select period of time 3) Sequential Design: combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal designs; able to test a group on various accounts over a period of time as well as make comparisons within groups by having groups consist of various age ranges
500
Which cognitive theory would be best used to explain the various information and amount of information an individual can handle at a given age?
Information Processing Theory
500
List the effects that alcohol has on prenatal development.
Children are smaller in their size as well as have smaller brains than those who were not exposed to alcohol. Children may have heart defects, hearing loss, and facial abnormalities such as a flattened nose or a larger space between the mouth and the nose. As children grow up they are generally shorter, have smaller heads, and may have a mild intellectual disability.
500
Explain the three stages of labor.
Stage 1: - Dilation and effacement - Early (latent) phase: contractions far apart - Active phase: cervix is 3-4 centimeters dilated and continues until it reaches 8 centimeters, contractions grow closer together and intensify -Transition phase: cervix continues to dilate the final 2 centimeters, contractions are closely spaced and strong, usually the most painful Stage 2: delivery begins, the head moves through the birth canal and out Stage 3: the delivery of the placenta and other material from the uterus