Show:
The Teen Brain
Adolescent's Social Development
Emerging Adulthood
Early Adulthood: Physical & Cognitive
Early Adulthood:
Social
100
True or False. Piaget considers those who are between ages 12 and 16 to be in the formal operational stage.
True.
100
True or False. Erikson proposed that achievement of a sense of personal identity is a far more important developmental task faced by adolescents than achieving sexual maturity.
True.
100
True or False. The transitional period that occurs between the ages of 16 and 18 is often classified as emerging adulthood.
False, emerging adulthood is the period between ages 17 and 22.
100
True or False. At the age of 21 the brain stops physically developing.
False, neuropsychologists hypothesize that another peak in brain development happens in the mid – to late 20s.
100
True or False. Intimacy is the capacity to engage in a supportive, affectionate relationship without losing one’s own sense of self.
True
200
Which of the following is the ability to search methodically for the answer to a problem and is an important feature of formal operations? A. Hypothetico-Deductive Reasoning B. Systematic Problem Solving C. Adolescent Egocentrism D. Inductive Logic
B. Systematic Problem Solving
200
What is the central crisis of adolescence according to Erikson? A. Initiative vs. Guilt B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt C. Identity vs. Role Confusion D. Intimacy vs. Isolation
C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
200
The parts of the brain that underlie which of the following do studies suggest mature during emerging adulthood? A. Impulse Control B. Self-Regulation C. Rational Decision Making D. Only A and B E. All of the Above
E. All of the Above
200
Which of the following is not a benefit from changing your lifestyle by engaging in moderate physical activity every day? A. Increased Bone Density B. Reduced Risk of Diabetes C. Reduced Feelings of Anxiety D. Reduced Risk of Colon Cancer
D. Reduced Risk of Colon Cancer This benefit is associated with adding 20 to 30 grams of fiber to your diet each day.
200
What is the central crisis of early adulthood according to Erikson? A. Intimacy vs. Isolation B. Initiative vs. Guilt C. Identity vs. Role Confusion D. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
A. Intimacy vs. Isolation
300
David Elkind hypothesized that _____ is another common sign of hypothetico-deductive reasoning, which is the belief that one’s thoughts, beliefs, and feelings are unique
Adolescent Egocentrism
300
The _____ is a period during which an adolescent is troubled by his lack of an identity.
Identity Crisis
300
The neurological changes of the emerging adult period combine with ____ demands to shape the psychosocial features of this period of development.
Cultural
300
The ability to weigh out options as opposed to immediately choosing one choice is known as ______ and may depend on the ability of the frontal lobes of the brain to regulate the limbic system
Response Inhibition
300
Erikson predicted that individuals who reached early adulthood without having established a sense of _____ would be incapable of intimacy.
Identity
400
The second adolescent brain spurt begins around age 17 and continues into early adulthood. What area of the brain is the focus of development on and what is this area of the brain responsible for.
The focus of development in on the frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex, which controls logic and planning.
400
List the four identity statuses that are possible.
1. Identity Achievement 2. Moratorium 3. Foreclosure 4. Identity Diffusion
400
In what types of cultures does Arnett argue that emerging adulthood arises in?
It arises in cultures where individuals in their late teens face a wide array of choices about the occupational and social roles they will occupy in adulthood.
400
What is the difference between primary aging and secondary aging?
Primary aging involves age-related physical changes that have a biological basis and are universally shared and inevitable. Secondary aging involves age-related changes that are due to environmental influences, poor health habits, or disease.
400
What is Daniel Levinson’s concept of life structure?
It is an underlying pattern or design of a person’s life at a given time, which includes roles, relationships, and behavior patterns.
500
Executive processing is developed during adolescence. Describe the physical brain development that occurs within the area of the brain specifically responsible for executive processing.
The prefrontal cortex goes through large changes between the ages of 13 and 15. Just prior to puberty, the neurons in the prefrontal cortex rapidly form new synapses with those in other parts of the brain. Over the first few years the brain prunes away many of the least efficient of these synapses. This process continues into the mid-20s. By mid-adolescence executive processing skills far exceed those of middle childhood.
500
Explain the four identity statuses that are possible in terms of whether commitment and crisis/exploration are present or absent.
1. Identity Achievement: Commitment and Crisis/Exploration are present. 2. Identity Diffusion: Commitment and Crisis/Exploration are absent. 3. Moratorium: Commitment is absent and Crisis/Exploration is present. 4. Identity Foreclosure: Commitment is present and Crisis/Exploration are absent.
500
According to Glenn Roisman and his colleagues what are the five domains that emerging adults must address developmental tasks in? -- Skills of which domain(s) are said to transfer easily from adolescence to adulthood? -- Why do these transfer easily across these developmental periods?
1. Academic 2. Friendship 3. Conduct 4. Work 5. Romantic Academic, friendship, and conduct are said to transfer over easily. Academic: study skills used in high school are applicable in college. Friendship: the skills needed to make and maintain friends are the same in both periods. Conduct: the process of adapting to the rules is similar as well.
500
Explain the two major spurts in brain growth in early adulthood and the responsibilities associated with each area of the brain.
A major spurt in the growth of the frontal lobes begins around age 17 and continues until age 21 or 22. The frontal lobes are devoted to logic, planning, and emotional control. This spurt is connected to the increases in the capacity for formal operational thinking and other kinds of abstract reasoning. The second growth spurt occurs in the mid- to late 20s which occurs in the frontal lobes. Scientists believe that the capacity to integrate various brain functions, such as response inhibition, does not become fully developed until early adulthood.
500
Discuss what occurs when adults enter a period in which a new life structure is required. Give an example of an event that may require a new life structure.
1. Levinson describes the period of adjustment as the novice phase. 2. Then, in the mid-era phase adults become more competent at meeting the new challenges through reassessment and reorganization of the life structure they created during the novice phase. 3. In the culmination phase stability is returned when adults have succeeded in creating a life structure that allows them to manage the demands of the new developmental challenges. Example:getting married. 1. Adults need the novice phase to adjust. 2. Then in the mid-era phase, through trial-and-error and reassessing different parts of the life structure adults become more competent at meeting the new challenges marriage has brought up. 3. Finally, in the culmination phase, the married couple would be able to successfully manage the new developmental challenges associated with their new marriage confidently.