Fluency
What is fluency?
Fluency is a continuum of more fluent (e.g. effortless and spontaneous speech) to less fluent (e.g. speech that is difficult to produce or speech that contains overt disruptions).
True/False: Dialect refers to a difference in speech sounds only.
False.
Dialects emerge from:
Phonological differences –> sounds (also known as an accent)
Semantic differences –> meaning
Morpho-syntactic differences –> grammar
Pragmatic differences –> social use
What is the difference between anatomy and physiology?
Anatomy is the structure of an organism. Physiology studies the function of an organism and the chemical processes found within its parts.
True/False:
Cleft lip & palate are associated with learning disabilities.
False. A child born with a cleft palate can expect to have the same level of academic and intellectual achievement as a child born without a cleft.
Who is the Department Chair?
Prof. Jessica Welsh
True/False: the incidence of developmental to persistent stuttering is around 25%
False; the incidence of developmental to persistent stuttering is around 5%.
Interpret this sentence into English.
/a͡ɪ to͡ʊld ju ðæt aɪ dɪd nɑt fid ðə ʧɪkənz keɪ-ɛf-si. wa͡ɪ wʊd aɪ?/
I told you that I did not feed the chickens KFC. Why would I?
Name two body systems involved in speech.
Respiratory, nervous, and phonatory system
What is cleft palate?
A cleft palate happens if the tissue that makes up the roof of the mouth does not join together completely during pregnancy. For some babies, both the front and back parts of the palate are open. For other babies, only part of the palate is open.
Where is the speech and hearing clinic located?
Ground floor of HUM!
What are covert behaviors and why do people develop them?
Covert behaviors are less noticeable communication behaviors developed to hide or avoid one’s stuttering. These are intentional actions that people take when they know they are going to get stuck (stuttering) and want to avoid/find ways around it. Examples: choosing not to speak, removing themselves from situations, substitutions.
Interpret this sentence into English.
/ha͡ʊz jʊɝ sprɪŋ bre͡ɪk? a͡ɪ ste͡ɪd ɑn ˈkæmpəs, sɔ tɛn dɪr, ænd ræn əwe͡ɪ frʌm wʌn bra͡ʊn bɛr jɛstɚde͡ɪ./
How’s your spring break? I stayed on campus, saw ten deer, and ran away from one brown bear yesterday.
What is the only bone that is distantly articulated (suspended)?
Hyoid bone
Fill in the blank. 1 in every ___ babies is born with cleft lip with cleft palate in the United States (CDC). (Nearest hundred)
About 1 in every 1,600 babies is born with cleft lip with cleft palate in the United States.
True/False: You don’t need to take audiology if you are a communication disorders major, and don't plan to pursue audiology. It’s optional.
False. Audiologists and SLPs work and collaborate together! It’s important to have a well-rounded understanding of both speech and audiology.
What is atypical disfluency? What is an example?
Atypical disfluency refers to disfluency that occurs outside the parameters of “stuttering,” meaning the disfluency is not at the beginning of the word. Examples: final sound repetition (“mat-t-t-t”); final sound prolongation (“Timmmmm”).
Transcribe this word:
Vacation
into IPA (broad transcription)
/ve͡ɪke͡ɪʃən/
How many bones are there in the ear? Name them in order from their lateral to medial position (side to middle of the body)
3,
malleus, incus, stapes
Name 2 symptoms of cleft lip and palate
An opening in the roof of the mouth that’s not noticeable by looking at the baby
A small line that extends from the lip to the nose
Chronic ear infections
Difficulty swallowing
Food and liquids come out of the nose
What is the function of the Eustachian tube?
Balance/equalize pressure between atmosphere and middle ear
What is cluttering and how does it differ from stuttering (one example)?
Cluttering is when an individual’s speech is highly unintelligible and perceived by the listener as too fast overall, too irregular, or both; there may be abnormal pauses, syllable stress, or speech rhythm. It differs from stuttering because people that clutter may not be as severely impacted, since they may not necessarily care/notice and it is somewhat more controlled than stuttering.
Transcribe this word:
Powerful
into IPA (broad transcription)
/pa͡ʊɚfəl/
Name the 12 cranial nerves in order
Olfactory nerve (CN I)
optic nerve (CN II)
oculomotor nerve (CN III)
trochlear nerve (CN IV)
trigeminal nerve (CN V)
abducens nerve (CN VI)
facial nerve (CN VII)
vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
vagus nerve (CN X)
accessory nerve (CN XI)
hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
What is 1 treatment plan that a parent can consider for their child with cleft lip and palate?
Feeding techniques, corrective surgery, speech therapy, orthodontics, and hearing aids
What is motherese/parentese and the importance of it?
Using “parentese,” an exaggerating speaking style that conveys total engagement with a child, can boost an infant's language skills and increase conversational “turn-taking” between parent and child.