This category of reaction requires no input of energy and is considered to be "spontaneous"
What is exergonic reations
100
Most somatic cells are in this phase most of the time.
What is interphase?
100
Nucleotides differ in this structure.
What is nitrogenous bases?
100
This machine allows researchers to calculate concentrations of solutes in solution by measuring the amount of light absorbed when a beam of light is passed through it.
What is a spectrophotometer?
200
The molecular formula for glucose
What is C6H12O6
200
This is the energy barrier that all reactions (even spontaneous ones) need to overcome, and is the reason enzymes are so important for life.
What is "activation energy"?
200
DNA is copied during this phase of mitosis.
What is the S phase of interphase?
200
The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to proteins is commonly described as this.
What is the "central dogma" of molecular biology?
200
This test indicates the presence of reducing sugars.
What is Benedict's test?
300
The covalent bonds linking together monomers of a polypeptide.
What are peptide bonds?
300
This law of thermodynamics explains why hydrolysis reactions are considered "spontaneous"
What is the second law of thermodynamics: "every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe"?
300
This process of meiosis produces recombinant chromosomes.
What is crossing over?
300
The nucleotides of tRNA that allow it translate mRNA.
What is the anticodon?
300
According to Beer’s Law, this is directly proportional to the molar concentration of a dissolved substance
What is the absorbance of a particular wavelength of light?
400
An additional treatment added to an experiment to rule out explanations of results that don’t have to do with the hypothesis.
What is a control?
400
What are the products of glycolysis?
What are ATP and NADH?
400
The phase of mitosis in plant cells when centrosomes are duplicated.
What is a trick question! Plant cells don't have centrosomes.
400
The three things changes made to pre-mRNA during its processing into mRNA.
What are add a 5’ cap, 3’ poly-A tail, and remove introns
400
This indicator chemical can be added to aid in the measurement of enzyme activity of amylase.
What is I2KI?
500
Beta pleated sheet is an example of this level of protein structure.
What is secondary structure?
500
In fermentation, this molecule needs to be reoxidized to permit glycolysis to continue.
What is NADH?
500
This external factor of regulation of the cell cycle results in crowded cells ceasing to divide.
What is density dependent inhibition?
500
The type of mutation that results in a short, non-functional protein.
What is a nonsense mutation?
500
In the Ames test, mutations that result in this phenotypic characteristic of bacteria are measured.