Intro to Chemistry
What is Chemistry?
Chemistry, the science that deals with the properties, composition, and structure of substances (defined as elements and compounds), the transformations they undergo, and the energy that is released or absorbed during these processes
Name the three states of matter
liquid, solid and gas
What is an isotope
An atom with a different number of neutrons
What is the electron configuration of Lithium
1s2 2s1
What is a cation
An atom with a positive charge
Name a step in the scientific method
In which state of matter do particles move the fastest
gas
What are the three parts of an atom
Proton, Neutron and electron
What is the electron configuration of Magnesium
1S2 2S2 2P6 3S2
What is an ionic bond
Chemical bonding that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. One cation and one anion
What is science
the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment.
These particles stay in place and vibrate
solids
Who was the scientist behind the cathode ray
JJ Thompson
What is the electron configuration of a sodium ion with a 1+ charge
1S2 2S2 2P6
What is a covalent bond
a bond formed by the sharing of electrons
Name a type of chemistry
inorganic, organic, biochemistry, analytical and physical
give an example of a heterogenous mixture
up to teacher discretion
What did the gold foil experiment discover
What do you have to do to the period number when you reach the d block and why
n-1, write it as 3d etc this is because transition metals do not have valence electrons.
What is the octet rule
The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects the theory that main group elements tend to bond in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell
what is a theory
A theory is a carefully thought-out explanation for observations of the natural world that has been constructed using the scientific method, and which brings together many facts and hypotheses.
Give an example of a homogenous mixture.
up to teachers discretion
In this element the mass number is 24, the number of neutrons is 13. What is the number of protons and what element is this?
Na
What is the purpose of a Lewis dot structure
To give a visual of the valence electrons and bonds present.