Molarity & Concentration
This term refers to the amount of solute dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution.
What is concentration?
This is the substance (usually water) added to a solution to lower its concentration.
What is a solvent?
This type of mixture is uniform throughout and looks like a single substance.
What is homogeneous?
If a substance is able to dissolve in a specific solvent, it is described as being this.
What is soluble?
Percent by mass is calculated by dividing the mass of the solute by the mass of this, then multiplying by 100.
What is the total mass of the solution?
This is the most common unit of concentration in chemistry, defined as moles of solute per liter of solution.
What is Molarity?
When you dilute a solution, this value stays the same, even though the volume increases.
What are the moles of solute?
A bowl of cereal or a salad is an example of this type of "uneven" mixture.
What is heterogeneous?
This term describes a solid that does not dissolve and settles at the bottom of a liquid.
What is insoluble?
To find the total mass of a solution, you must add the mass of the solute to the mass of this.
What is the solvent?
If you have 2 moles of sugar dissolved in 4 liters of water, this is the molarity of the solution.
What is 0.5 M?
This is the standard algebraic formula used to calculate dilution requirements.
What is M1V1 = M2V2?
This is another name for a homogeneous mixture.
What is a solution?
When two liquids (like oil and water) will not mix together, they are called this.
What is immiscible?
If 5 grams of salt are dissolved in 95 grams of water, this is the percent by mass of the salt.
What is 5%?
To calculate molarity, you must convert the mass of the solute into this unit first.
What are moles?
If you have 100 ml of a 2.0 M and add 100 ml of water, this is your new solution.
What is 1.0 M?
You can see different phases or parts in this type of mixture.
What is heterogeneous?
This "rule of thumb" explains why polar solvents dissolve polar solutes, and non-polar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes.
What is "Like Dissolves Like"?
A 200g sugar solution is 10% sugar by mass; this is the actual mass of the sugar in grams.
What is 20 grams?
This is the molarity of a solution containing 40 grams of NaOH (molar mass = 40 g/mol) in 500 mL of solution.
What is 2.0 M?
To make 500 mL of a 1.0 M HCl solution from a 10.0 M stock solution, you would need to measure out this many milliliters of the stock.
What is 50 mL?
Clean air and brass (an alloy) are examples of this specific type of mixture.
What is homogeneous?
In a chemical reaction, this is the name for the solid "insoluble" substance that forms when two aqueous solutions are mixed.
What is a precipitate?
If you have 25 grams of solute in 225 grams of solvent, this is the percent by mass of the solution.
What is 10%?