PD
CRRT
HD
Prescriptions
Dialysis complications
Do you see what I see?
Enter Category Name
100
The primary mechanism by which waste products are removed from the blood during PD
What is diffusion?
100
This is the target dialysate dose when initiating CRRT (with units)
What is 20-25 mL/kg/hr?
(Would also accept 20 mL/kg/hr, 25 mL/kg/hr)
100
This is the cause of nausea and vomiting in a patient with Crit-line profile C during dialysis:
What is excessive ultrafiltration?
Would also accept hypovolemia
100
The potassium bath prescribed for HD of ESRD patient with a potassium of 5.5
What is 2K bath?
100
The most common electrolyte abnormality in dialysis patients that can cause muscle weakness and fatal arrhythmias.
What is hyperkalemia?
100
This cannulation technique can be used for short or tortuous AV fistulas:
What is buttonhole cannulation?
200
The most likely diagnosis based on a PD fluid total nucleated cell count of 250 with a differential of 70% polymorphonuclear cells.
What is PD peritonitis?
200
This CRRT modality does not provide clearance.
What is Slow Continuous Ultrafiltration (SCUF)?
200
In the US, this is the CMS-approved measure of hemodialysis adequacy
What is KT/V >=1.4 per session?
200
In a patient with intradialytic hypotension, reducing this dialysis prescription parameter can improve hemodynamic stability by promoting peripheral vasoconstriction.
What is dialysate temperature?
200
This syndrome, caused by rapid solute removal during dialysis, leads to cerebral edema and symptoms like headache and confusion.
What is dialysis disequilibrium syndrome?
200
This condition should be suspected when dialysis technician shows you a used CRRT cartridge:
What is jaundice?
Would also accept liver failure.
300
This modality of peritoneal dialysis allows for greater freedom during the day and uses a machine to perform exchanges overnight.
What is automated PD?
Would also accept cycler-assisted PD
300
This electrolyte abnormality may occur during CRRT when citrate anticoagulation is used in the setting of liver failure
What is hypocalcemia? (low ionized calcium)
300
This is the most likely cause of arm swelling on the side of AVF
What is central venous stenosis?
300
This dialysate buffer, commonly used in modern hemodialysis, is preferred over acetate due to better hemodynamic tolerance and reduced risk of vasodilation and hypotension
What is bicarbonate?
300
This life-threatening condition in dialysis patients can be associated with the following finding on skin biopsy:
What is calciphylaxis?
300
This is the finding on KUB of a patient with slowly draining PD catheter:
What is catheter kink?
400
A KUB shows a PD catheter tip coiled in the upper abdomen, away from the pelvis. The most likely cause of poor dialysate drainage in this patient is this mechanical complication.
What is catheter migration or omental entrapment?
400
This class of gram-negative spectrum antibiotics requires close monitoring and dose adjustment during CRRT due to its narrow therapeutic index and predominant renal clearance
What are aminoglycosides?
400
The best treatment option for symptomatic CKD-MBD with phosphorus of 8.5 mg/dL despite phosphate binder therapy, Ca 9.5 mg/dL and PTH 1200 pg/mL
What are calcimimetics?
(Would also accept cinacalcet)
400
These prescription parameters - relating to frequency and dwell time - are preferred in patients with high peritoneal transport rates to optimize solute clearance.
What is frequent exchanges with shorter dwell times?
400
This bone disorder is linked to aluminum toxicity in dialysis patients
What is osteomalacia?
400
Dialysis emergency when patient is unresponsive and circuit looks like this:
What is air embolism?
500
This is a rare complication seen in long-term PD patients with recurrent peritonitis, progressive ultrafiltration failure, high transporter status on PET and peritoneal membrane thickening on imaging.
What is encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis?
500
This is the most appropriate adjustment to improve clearance in azotemic patient on CVVHD with adequate prescribed dialysate dose and filter longevity of 12 hrs?
What is anticoagulation?
(Would also accept add heparin, bivalirudin or citrate anticoagulation)
500
This newly FDA-approved form of dialysis is already used in Europe and combines diffusive and convective clearances to improve patient outcomes
What is Hemodiafiltration (HDF)?
500
In the PET, a dialysate-to-plasma creatinine ratio (D/P Cr) >0.8 at 4 hours indicates this peritoneal transport classification
What is high transporter?
500
This long-term complication of dialysis is associated with beta-2 macroglobulin deposition and low-flux membranes
What is dialysis-related amyloidosis?
500
This is the most common cause of bloody peritoneal dialysate in a young female patient:
What is ovulation?
500
This class of dialysis membranes, often used in expanded hemodialysis (HDx), enhances clearance of middle molecules such as β2-microglobulin and complement fragments, while minimizing albumin loss—thanks to their unique internal architecture and tighter pore size distribution.
What are medium cut-off (MCO) membranes?