Cell Structure
What organelle is known as the "powerhouse of the cell"?
A. Ribosome
B. Nucleus
C. Mitochondrion
D. Golgi apparatus
C. Mitochondrion
Who are credited for the cell theory?
A. Hooke, Watson, Crick
B. Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow
C. Darwin, Mendel, Pasteur
D. Aristotle, Newton, Galileo
B. Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow
What is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration?
A. Osmosis
B. Active transport
C. Diffusion
D. Endocytosis
C. Diffusion
Main source of energy in the diet:
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Carbohydrates
D. Nucleic acids
C. Carbohydrates
Which phase of mitosis involves the chromosomes lining up at the center of the cell?
A. Prophase
B. Telophase
C. Metaphase
D. Anaphase
C. Metaphase
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?
A. Ribosome
B. Lysosome
C. Mitochondrion
D. Vacuole
A. Ribosome
All living things are made up of:
A. Atoms
B. DNA
C. Proteins
D. Cells
D. Cells
Which process requires energy from the cell?
A. Passive transport
B. Osmosis
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport
D. Active transport
Enzymes are types of:
A. Carbohydrates
B. Lipids
C. Proteins
D. Nucleic acids
C. Proteins
What is the end result of mitosis?
A. Four identical daughter cells
B. Two identical daughter cells
C. Two different cells
D. One cell with double DNA
B. Two identical daughter cells
What controls what enters and leaves the cell?
A. Nucleus
B. Cell membrane
C. Cell wall
D. Cytoplasm
B. Cell membrane
According to the cell theory, all cells come from:
A. Non-living matter
B. Spontaneous generation
C. Pre-existing cells
D. Chemical reactions
C. Pre-existing cells
Osmosis is the diffusion of:
A. Oxygen
B. Salt
C. Water
D. Glucose
C. Water
Which molecule contains genetic instructions?
A. Protein
B. RNA
C. Lipid
D. DNA
D. DNA
How many daughter cells are produced during meiosis?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 1
C. 4
In plants, where does photosynthesis occur?
A. Mitochondria
B. Ribosome
C. Chloroplast
D. Cytoplasm
C. Chloroplast
What term describes organisms made of only one cell?
A. Eukaryotic
B. Unicellular
C. Prokaryotic
D. Multicellular
B. Unicellular
Transport using proteins but no energy is:
A. Active transport
B. Facilitated diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Exocytosis
B. Facilitated diffusion
Which fat is liquid at room temperature?
A. Trans fat
B. Saturated fat
C. Unsaturated fat
D. Cholesterol
C. Unsaturated fat
What is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?
A. Mitosis occurs only in reproductive cells
B. Meiosis produces identical cells
C. Mitosis maintains chromosome number, meiosis reduces it
D. Meiosis occurs during growth and repair
C. Mitosis maintains chromosome number, meiosis reduces it
Which structure helps organize the spindle during mitosis?
A. Golgi apparatus
B. Centriole
C. Nucleolus
D. Smooth ER
B. Centriole
What invention made cell discovery possible?
A. Beaker
B. Petri dish
C. Microscope
D. Telescope
C. Microscope
What is it called when the cell engulfs large particles?
A. Endocytosis
B. Diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Pinocytosis
A. Endocytosis
Proteins are made of:
A. Fatty acids
B. Monosaccharides
C. Amino acids
D. Nucleotides
C. Amino acids
Which phase in meiosis is responsible for crossing over (exchange of genetic material)?
A. Anaphase II
B. Metaphase I
C. Prophase I
D. Telophase II
C. Prophase I