Kinetic Molecular Theory
This describes how gas particles move according to KMT.
What is random, constant, straight-line motion?
What happens to the temperature of a gas as the pressure increases?
It increases
Increasing concentration generally has this effect on reaction rate.
What is increases the rate?
Heat of reaction is calculated using this expression. (Delta H)
(PE of products) – (PE of reactants)
This phase change occurs when a solid turns directly into a gas.
sublimation
According to KMT, gas particles are assumed to have negligible _____.
A) Pressure
B)Volume
C)Temperature
D)Moles
What is volume?
This law describes the inverse relationship between pressure and volume.
What is Boyle’s Law?
Why would powdered solids react faster than large chunks of reactants?
Increased Surface Area means more collisions.
What direction does heat flow (hot to cold or cold to hot)
hot to cold
What type of energy change occurs during a phase change? PE or KE
Potential Energy Change
What happens to the average kinetic energy of gas particles as the temperature increases?
It increases
Two gases at the same temperature have the same ____ energy.
What is average kinetic energy?
A catalyst speeds up a reaction by lowering this.
What is activation energy?
Converting 35 K to Celsius gives approximately this temperature.
-238 degrees C
This term describes disorder in a system.
entropy
Describe the conditions associated with an ideal gas (ie. Pressure and Temperature)
High Temperature and Low Pressure
What does STP stand for? What are the values associated with STP?
Standard Temperature and Pressure 273 K and 1 atm
This type of reaction releases heat.
What is exothermic?
What is the amount of heat energy absorbed when 100.0 grams of water is heated from 10.0°C to 30.0°C? Show FGES
F: Q
G: m=50 g, delta T=20 degrees C, C=4.18 J/gC
E Q= mcdeltaT
S: 4180 J
Equal volumes of gases at the same conditions contain the same number of molecules—this is known as this law.
Avogadro’s Law?
Define an elastic collision
A perfect collision with no net loss of energy
This type of reaction absorbs heat.
What is endothermic?
The heat of fusion, Hf , of a compound is 160 joules/gram. Determine the amount of heat required to completely melt a 50.0-gram sample of this molecular
800 J