Organizing Knowledge
This type of knowledge representation organizes concepts into levels such as animal → bird → robin
What is a hierarchical network model?
A mental grouping of similar objects, ideas, or events.
What is a category?
A mental representation used to group objects, events, or ideas together.
What is a concept?
In a semantic network, concepts are represented as these, which are connected by links.
What are nodes?
This researcher proposed the hierarchical network model of semantic memory.
Who is Allan Collins?
This level of categorization is the most commonly used in everyday language, such as “chair” instead of “furniture"
What is the basic level category?
When people decide whether something belongs in a category, they compare it to stored examples.
What is the exemplar approach?
This refers to stored knowledge about the typical behaviors or characteristics of a situation.
What is a script?
This principle suggests that related concepts in memory are connected and influence each other.
What is spreading activation?
This psychologist studied semantic networks and spreading activation with Collins.
Who is Ross Quillian?
The highest and most general level of categorization, such as “vehicle” or “furniture"
What is the superordinate level?
The process of identifying which category something belongs to
What is categorization?
This refers to general knowledge about a concept or type of object.
What is a schema?
When activation moves through related concepts in memory, helping people retrieve related information.
What is spreading activation?
Experiments measuring how quickly people respond to words are often used to study semantic memory using this type of task.
What is a lexical decision task?