Resting membrane potential
The difference in electrical charge across the cell
What is the membrane potential?
The number of these that enter the neuron via the sodium-potassium pump
What is 2 K+ ions?
The process that allows the maintenance of the AP at constant voltage in myelinated axons
What is saltatory conduction?
The result of an IPSP
What is hyperpolarization?
The event that depolarizes the presynaptic axon terminal
What is the arrival of the AP at the presynaptic axon terminal?
The two forces that contribute to equilibrium potential
What are diffusion and the electrostatic force?
The number of these that exit the neuron via the sodium-potassium pump
What is 3 Na+ ions?
These are responsible for depolarizing the neuron after threshold potential is met
What are voltage-gated Na+ channels?
The result of an EPSP
What is depolarization?
The process by which vesicles are released into the synapse
What is exocytosis?
Equilibrium potential is calculated individually for each one of these
What are ions?
What is ATP?
The process that allows the maintenance of the AP at constant voltage in unmyelinated axons
What is continuous conduction?
When a neuron receives several post-synaptic potentials at different places
What is spatial summation?
An influx of this causes synaptic vesicles to fuse to the axon terminal membrane
What is Ca2+?
Gives the neuron its negative resting charge
What are proteins?
The Na-K pump moves ions against this
What is the concentration gradient?
These are responsible for transient hyperpolarization in the neuron after the action potential
What are voltage-gated K+ channels?
When a neuron receives several post-synaptic potentials at the same time
What is temporal summation?
The destination for the charge generated by summing IPSPs and EPSPs
What is the postsynaptic axon hillock?
Prevents charged particles from exiting the membrane without a channel
What are the non-polar fatty acid tails in the lipid bilayer?
The contribution of the Na-K pump to the restoration of RMP
What is the removal of sodium ions?
The state of voltage-gated Na+ channels that causes the refractory period
What is inactivated?
Determined by the summation of IPSPs and EPSPs
What is whether or not the neuron fires an action potential?
The two endogenous ways by which synaptic transmission may be halted