Risk Factors - S/Sx
F.A.S.T. stands for ...
Facial drooping
Arm weakness
Slurred speech (dysphasia)
Time to call 911
The "gold standard" for treating ischemic stroke:
tissue plasminogen activator (alteplase)
Define "stroke"
Disease that affects the arteries leading to and within the brain.
Interventions for Impaired Mobility (3)
Teach and Assist with ambulation devices (physical therapy) if needed.
Teach safe mobilization techniques for getting OOB w/ or w/o assistance.
Perform ROM exercises (promote neural pathway recovery)
(Turn if severe stroke cause paralysis and/or patient is bed bound)
What are at least 3 Controllable Risk Factors for stroke?
Diet, Physical inactivity, High BP, Smoking, Diabetes, CAD, PAD, AFib
What is the name of the mechanical treatment option for removing a thrombus in patients having an ischemic stroke?
Stent retriever (a wire cage device)
Other names for "Stroke"
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
cerebral infarction
"brain attack"
*Interventions for patients experiencing dysphagia/dysphasia symptoms after a stroke/CVA. (at least 2)
Frequent VS checks (RR, SpO2),
supplemental O2,
elevated/tripod position,
establish communication with patient (white board/pictures)
Population(s) with most prevalence (highest risk) for strokes.
African American, Obese, Heart Disease, Hx of HTN, Diabetics, Women
What is the goal for treatment for hemorrhagic strokes? (how)
Stop the bleeding (by administering transfusion of blood clotting factors)
Name at least 3 types of strokes.
Transient ischemic attack (TIA) / Ischemic / Hemorrhagic
(also Cryptogenic and Brain stem stroke)
What are some ways of keeping a lowered ICP? (2)
Decrease excess/noxious stimuli (sensory perception),
Promote sleep and stress reducing techniques
(also fall prevention techniques, since head injuries will also cause increased ICP)