Solar System
What is the order of the 9 planets from the Sun?
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto
What are the main layers of Earth?
Crust, Mantle, Outer core, and Inner core
What is the definition of Volcano?
A weak spot in Earth's crust where molten magma, rock fragments, and hot gases erupts.
What is the definition of an Earthquake?
Huge rock blocks collide at plate boundaries. An earthquake is a shaking of the ground caused by sudden movement of rock along a plate boundary.
What is the impact hypothesis moon formation?
A Mars-sized object called Theia hit early Earth, ejecting debris into orbit around it. The debris eventually formed the new Moon.
What is the definition of Rotation?
It rotates on its axis. (Ex. Earth takes 24 hours to rotate)
What is the order of the layers?
Continental crust, Oceanic crust, Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Lower mantle (Mesosphere), Outer Core, Inner Core
What are the classes of Volcanoes?
Active, Dormant, and Extinct
What are the 3 main types of Connective Tissue?
Divergent, Convergent, & Transform
What is the definition of "phases of the Moon"?
Moon phases are caused by changes in the position of the moon, Earth, and Sun. The phase you see depends on how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth.
What is the definition of Revolution?
Around the Sun (Ex. Earth takes 365 1/4 days to make a full revolution)
Which layer of the Earth has the greatest temperature, pressure, and density?
The core
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Lava is a liquid Rock at the Earth's surface.
Magma is a liquid rock below the Earth's surface.
What are the 5 types of Earthquake damages?
1. Ground Shaking
2. Aftershocks
3. Landslides
4. Liquefaction
5. Tsunami
What are the 8 phases of the Moon?
New Moon, Waxing Crescent, First Quarter, Waxing Gibbous, Full Moon, Wanning Gibbous, Third Quarter, and Wanning Crescent
What are the characteristics of the inner planets?
The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, & Mars
Fairly small, High densities, rocky surfaces
What are the properties or the Outer Core?
A swirling layer of molten Nickel and Iron. Moves slowly creating Earth's magnetic field.
What is the definition of each of the volcano classes?
Active: Is erupting or shows signs it may erupt in the near future.
Dormant: Not active now but may become active in the future.
Extinct: Has erupted, but is unlikely to erupt again.
What are the 3 types of seismic waves and what is a description of them?
Primary (P) Waves: Push and Pull the ground like an accordion
Secondary (S) Waves: Shake the ground side to side or up and down
Surface Waves: Cause the ground to roll up/down and side/side
What is a Solar Eclipse?
Occurs when the moon directly blocks the Sun's light and casts a shadow on Earth.
What are the characteristics of the outer planets?
The outer planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus
Very large, Low densities, gaseous surfaces
What are the properties of the Inner Core?
A dense ball of solid Nickel and Iron. Under high heat and pressure.
What are the different parts of a volcano?
Magma Chamber, Pipe, Crater, Rock Fragments, Ash Cloud, Vent, Lava Flow
What is the most common Magnitude Scale used?
Richter Scale
What is a Lunar Eclipse?
Occurs when the Earth blocks the Sun's light and casts a shadow on the moon.