Mobility
With Developmental Hip Dysplasia, what is one characteristic finding and how is DDH corrected?
Absent or asymmetrical gluteal folds on the dislocated side.
Pavlik Harness or Spica Cast
Remember this is a dislocation of the hip, pediatric bones are porous and flexible. This concern has no risk factors for anything later in life and is not associated with a genetic factor.
The nurse educates the mother of a 3-year-old to limit the amount of milk servings to a child. The reason for this is to avoid the child having what concern?
Iron-Deficiency Anemia
The nurse is educating a mother on medication administration of stimulants to a child diagnosed ADHD with impulsivity. When the mother asks the nurse the best time to administer medication to keep her child from being up all night, the nurse would be correct when stating?
Give it early in the morning and limit caffeine
The nurse is assessing a newborn and providing education to the mother on infant fontanelles. The nurse is correct when she states the Posterior Fontanelle closes at ______ and the Anterior Fontanelle closes at _______.
2-3 Months
18 Months
The nurse is seeing an infant in the ER and the mother has concerns about the infant having Projectile vomiting after feeds and weight loss. When the nurse assesses the infant's abdomen, she palpates an olive-shaped mass. These findings are typically associated with what concern?
Pyloric Stenosis
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a severe "s" shaped curvature of the spine. After an xray of the spine is performed the patient is diagnosed with Scoliosis and is scheduled for surgical correction. What is the common surgical corrective procedure for Scoliosis, and what will be the priority nursing intervention for a patient who has this procedure?
Harrington-Rod Procedure
Pain Management
Remember this is where rods are placed in the spinal column to help correct. It is extremely painful so managing pain post op is the priority here
The mother of a 4-month-old is receiving education on introduction of solid foods. The nurse tells the mother she should avoid honey for the first year and that the child should only have breastmilk or formula until 6 months of age due to an immature digestive system. When the child reaches 6 months of age the first solid food should be what?
When the child is 6 months old solid foods can be started. The first food should be an iron-fortified rice cereal. After, baby foods can be introduced but encourage for one food introduction at a time so if there is an allergic reaction they are able to identify what is causing it.
The nurse is providing education to parents of a recently diagnosed child with Autism. The parents show concern about the child's behavior and social skills. The nurse understands that autism can affect social interaction and communication but one way to address behaviors are ____
Rewarding of good behavior
The nurse understand that an infant's birthweight should double at ______ and should triple at _______
6 Months
12 Months
What are some nursing interventions for an infant born with gastroschisis?
Place the infant in a bowel bag
Place infant under the warmer
By placing the infant feet first into a bowel bag, it keeps the intestines protected, moist, and helps aid in thermoregulation
The nurse is assessing a 9-month-old and notices the infant has to have support with sitting, poor head and neck control, and has newborn(primitive) reflexes still present. When looking at the history in the chart it shows the child had a scan which showed a non-progressive lesion on the brain. The nurse would be correct when identifying these manifestations to what concern?
Cerebral Palsy
A new breastfeeding mother is being discharged home. When the lactation nurse is doing discharge teaching the mother ask about preparation of breastmilk if giving a bottle. The lactation nurse would be correct when making what statement about preparing breastmilk in a bottle.
You should never place breastmilk in a microwave when preparing a bottle. This can breakdown the nutrients in the breastmilk and can also produces "hot spots" in the milk which can scald the infant's mouth
What are some of the manifestations of menopause?
Hot Flashes
Vaginal Dryness d/t decrease of estrogen
Night sweats
The nurse is providing education to a family during a preconception appointment. The nurse would be correct when stating that the mother taking folic acid prior to and during pregnancy will help reduce the risks of the infant having a _______
Neural Tube Defect such as Spina Bifida, Myelomeningocele, Meningocele, etc
A mother brings her infant to the ER and states she has seen mucous and blood in her baby's stool, her baby is inconsolable, and is not feeding. The nurse palpates a sausage-like mass in the abdomen. The physician orders an air-contrast enema and makes the diagnosis of "this disorder". The infant is taken to surgery for repair. Surgery was successful and the infant is started on Pedialyte for oral rehydration and electrolyte replenishment.
Intussusception
What are some key facts the nurse should understand about Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy?
It is characterized by muscle fiber
degeneration and muscle wasting
It starts in the lower limbs first then progresses upward
Most are wheelchair bound by age 12
Terminal (most die in their 20's from cardiac or respiratory failure)
Gower's Manuever is observed with this disorder
Diagnosed with a muscle biopsy to measure Dystrophin
The nurse is giving education to a mother of a toddler on table foods. The nurse understands it is important to stress the safety of choosing an appropriate food for the child. When the mother ask what foods would be appropriate the nurse correctly states ___
Toddlers are at high risk for choking, so start with soft chewable foods to avoid choking. This can include mash potatoes, bananas, applesauce, etc.
What is one alternative therapy to help with hot flashes in menopause?
Ginseng
List 5 Pre/Post Op nursing interventions for an infant who is diagnosed with a Myelomeningocele and is having surgery
Keep the infant Prone or Lateral
Monitor for CSF leakage
Head Circumference Measurements
Neuro and Vital Checks
Leave diaper off to avoid covering the sac
An infant has just been diagnosed with Congenital Hypothyroidism. The nurse understands that if treatment with medication is not started immediately, the infant could develop what
Irreversible Intellectual Disability
The nurse is providing education to parents who's child was diagnosed with Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip and is in a Pavlik Harness. The nurse educates parents on care for the infant while in the harness. What are the priority interventions?
Make sure to assess the skin for skin breakdown as this can lead to infection
Make sure to assess circulation. Infants can't communicate so if they are crying and inconsolable they should be brought in
The straps of the harness should be on the outside of the diaper to prevent friction
They need to wear the harness as much as possible
A nurse is giving education on risk factors and ways to help alleviate Hyperemesis Gravidarum. List the risk factors for this and ways to help alleviate the symptoms?
Risk Factors: History of Migraines, Twin Pregnancy, Nulliparity
Ways to alleviate: Avoid triggers (smells or taste), eat smaller more frequent meals, avoid greasy or high carbohydrate foods, take antiemetic medications such as Zofran, avoid eating right before bed.
A child is admitted to the hospital for sickle cell crises. What are some risk factors for this disease and what treatments are likely for someone in crises?
Pain due to vaso-occlusion
IV or Oral fluids, Oxygen, Antibiotics
Remember Sickle cell crisis is where the red blood cells are sickled and sticky, so they don't carry much oxygen. The cells being sticky create vaso-occlusion and this is extremely painful. We encourage increasing oral fluids even when not in crisis or giving IV fluids to helps dilute, so the cells aren't sticky. Infection, stress, changes in altitude are all things that can put someone in crisis.
The nurse understands that an infant with club foot will have what type of corrective measures for the affected foot?
Serial Casting
(Club Foot involves 3 areas Equinus, Varus, and Supination)
The nurse is assessing a 6 y.o at a wellness visit. The mother voices concern of Hyperactivity. With inspection, the nurse notes that the child has a smooth philtrum, a low nasal bridge, and a thin upper lip. The nurse identifies these findings are associated with what concern?
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome