Bonds
These form between positive and negative ions
What are ionic bonds
These have a positive electrical charge
What are protons
These have the same number of protons but varying numbers of neutrons
What are isotopes of an element
the color of a mineral in its powdered form
What is streak
An atom that loses or gains electrons
What's an ion
This happens when an atom’s outermost energy level
does not contain the maximum number of electrons
What is a chemical bond
These have neutral electrical charges
What are nuetrons
Minerals that contain oxygen and one or more other elements, which are usually metals.
What are oxides
This is used to describe how light is reflected from the surface of a mineral
What is luster?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
What does the atomic number mean?
These form when atoms share electrons
What are covalent bonds
These have a negative electrical charge
What are electrons
The same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
What are isotopes
This is a measure of the resistance of a mineral to being scratched
What is hardness
the number of neutrons an protons in the nucleus of an atom
What is atomic number
These form when metal ions share electrons
What are metallic bonds
The smallest particles of matter
What are atoms
Minerals that contain the element sulfur
What are sulfates and sulfides
This is the tendency of a mineral to break along flat even surfaces
What is Cleavage?
two or more elements that are chemically combined in specific proportions.
What does a compound consist of
This is why atoms form chemical bonds
What is to make there their outer electron shells more stable
The central part of an atom
What is the nucleus
Minerals that exist in relatively pure forms.
What are native elements
This is the uneven breakage of a mineral
What is a fracture
Minerals that contain a halogen ion plus one or more other elements
What are halides?