PPT 3 - Cell Membranes, Active/Passive Transport
What is the main difference between passive and active transport?
What is passive does not use energy, while active does?
What is the difference between a solute and solvent?
What is solute is what is dissolved and solvent does the dissolving?
Chromosomes are (definition), and they have (#) sister chromatids.
What is a condensed form of DNA that passes genetic information from generation to generation in the form of a gene, and they have 2 sister chromatids?
What stage occurs after mitosis and helps to split the new cells apart?
What is cytokinesis?
What are the three functions of the cell membrane?
What is let things in and out of the cell, covers/protects insides and keeps them contained, talking and movement with other cells?
What is the difference between a solution and a suspension? Give an example of each.
What is a solution has solute fully dissolved and you cannot see the individual parts, where a suspension has solute not fully dissolved and you can see the individual parts?
What are chromosomes made up of, and how many chromosomes do humans have in total (not pairs)?
What is they are made up of DNA and histone proteins, and humans have 46 total chromosomes?
Cancer is (definition). A ______ tumor causes it, and an issue with _______ leads to it.
What is cancer is when cells divide uncontrollably and spread throughout the body. A malignant tumor causes it, and an issue with mitosis leads to it?
What is a concentration gradient?
What is a difference between amounts of something inside and outside a cell?
Water moves from an area of _____ to _____ WATER concentration; water moves from an area of _____ to _____ SOLUTE concentration.
What is high to low water concentration and low to high solute concentration?
The three phases of interphase, the longest part of the cell cycle, are _____, _____, and _____; g stand for ________ and s stands for ________.
What is G1, S, G2; growth and synthesis?
What is the difference between mitosis is plant/animal cells and fungal cells?
What is fungal cells do closed mitosis where they do not open the nucleus, and plant/animal cells do open mitosis where they do?
List and define the three types of passive transport.
What is
diffusion - movement of smaller molecules across the cell membrane without energy,
facilitated diffusion - movement of larger molecules through a helper proteins without energy,
osmosis - movement of water across the cell membrane?
What type of solution is this: water rushes into a cell, causing it to swell and explode if it gets to full?
What is a hypotonic solution?
List and define the three checkpoints of the cell cycle.
What is
G1 - checkpoint where the cell checks to make sure it has grown to the correct size and has everything it needs to survive,
G2 - checkpoint where the cell checks the copied DNA to make sure it was done correctly,
M - checkpoint where the cell checks the spindle fibers to make sure they're attached correctly to chromosomes?
What are the two differences between mitosis in plant cells and animal cells?
What is plant cells start in the middle with a cell plate, and animal cells start on the outside with a cleavage furrow?
List and define the three types of active transport.
What is
endocytosis - movement into a cell with a vesicle with energy,
exocytosis - movement out of a cell with a vesicle with energy,
ion pump - movement of molecules into and out of a cell via a pump with energy?
Show picture 1: what type of solution is shown in the picture?
What is a hypertonic solution?
List and define the four phases of mitosis.
What is
prophase - the cells begins to prepare by condensing chromosomes, opening the nucleus, and forming spindle fibers,
metaphase - the chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell and spindle fibers attach,
anaphase - the chromosomes are pulled apart and begin heading to opposite sides of the cell,
telophase - two cells are beginning to form, nuclear envelope reforms, DNA stands uncondense, centrioles retract spindle fibers?
List the five types of asexual reproduction and define one.
What is
mitosis - the division of eukaryotic cell nuclei to create two new cells<
binary fission - the division of prokaryotic cells to create two new cells,
regeneration - when an organisms regrows a part of its body,
budding - when an parent organism grows a new organism from a spot on its body,
vegetative propagation - when a plant grows from the vegetative part (leaf, stem, roots) instead of the sexual part (flower)?