Justice
Socrates argues that this is more than simply obeying laws or paying debts.
What is justice?
Plato divides the ideal city into these three social classes.
What are rulers, auxiliaries (guardians), and producers?
According to Plato, the rational part of the soul should do this.
What is rule the soul with reason?
Prisoners mistake these for reality in Plato's famous cave story.
What are shadows?
This Athenian philosopher is the main speaker throughout The Republic.
Who is Socrates?
This sophist claims that justice is simply the advantage of the stronger.
Who is Thrasymachus?
Members of this class are forbidden from owning private property.
Who are the guardians?
This part of the soul is associated with courage and honor.
What is the spirited part (thumos)?
After leaving the cave, the freed prisoner eventually sees this source of light.
What is the sun?
This student of Socrates wrote The Republic
Who is Plato?
Plato argues that justice in the city mirrors justice in this.
What is the individual soul?
Each class performing its proper role without interfering with others defines this virtue.
What is justice?
The appetitive part of the soul primarily desires these things.
What are physical pleasures and material goods?
The cave illustrates humanity's movement from ignorance toward this.
What is knowledge (or truth)?
Plato argues these individuals should rule because they possess wisdom.
Who are philosopher-kings?
This older man initially defines justice as telling the truth and repaying debts.
Who is Cephalus?
Plato proposes that guardians should receive this type of education combining physical and intellectual training.
What are gymnastics and music?
A soul ruled by appetite resembles this unjust type of person.
What is the tyrannical person?
By turning the ring, Gyges gains this extraordinary ability.
What is invisibility?
This ultimate object of knowledge is symbolized by the sun.
What is the Form of the Good?
Glaucon illustrates the temptation to act unjustly using this mythical object.
What is the Ring of Gyges?
The degeneration of governments proceeds from aristocracy to timocracy, oligarchy, democracy, and finally this.
What is tyranny?
Justice in the soul exists when these three parts are in proper harmony.
What are reason, spirit, and appetite?
The prisoner who returns to the cave to free the others is treated in this way.
What is ridiculed or threatened with death?
Plato describes these perfect, unchanging realities as the true objects of knowledge.
What are the Forms?