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Definitions
Community Intractions
The Human Population
Population Dynamics
Community Ecology and Terrestrial Biomes
100
The scientific study of all the interrelationships between organisms and their environment.
What is Ecology?
100
The interaction in which more than one organism uses the same resource at the same time
What is Competition?
100
The study of human population size, density, distribution, movement and birth and death rates.
What is Demography?
100
The number of population members per unit area.
What is Population Density?
100
The series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time. -Small changes: tree falling in the forest -Large changes: forest fire
What is Ecological Succession?
200
Relatively thin layer of Earth and its atmosphere that supports life.
What is the Biosphere?
200
-Mutualism -Parasitism -Commensalism
What are the three types of symbiosis?
200
-Zero Population Growth -Age structure -Human carrying capacity
What are the Trends in Human Population Growth?
200
One depends on number of organisms the other does not.
What is he difference of density-dependent and density-independent limiting factors?
200
Succession that occurs on surfaces where no soil exists. Ex: Volcanic eruptions building new land, and Bare rock exposure after a glacier melt. -Very slow process – soil must form -Lichens and moss are the pioneer species.
What is Primary Succession?
300
Complex of terrestrial communities that covers a large area and is characterized by certain soil and climate conditions and particular assemblages of plants and animals.
What is a Biome?
300
The close relationship that exists when two or more species live together, Can benefit one or both.
What is Symbiosis?
300
# of births - # of deaths (per 1000) ------------------------------------------- 10
What is the equation to calculate birth rates?
300
-Produce as many offspring as possible in short time -Usually don’t put a lot into raising the offspring -Controlled by density-independent factors -Ex: Fruit fly, mouse, mosquitoes
What are R-strategists?
300
The condition of the atmosphere at a specific place and time.
What is weather?
400
The maximum # of organisms in a population that an environment can support for the long term.
What is Carrying Capacity?
400
Symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits at the other’s expense.
What is Parasitism?
400
-Pre-reproductive -Reproductive -Post-reproductive
What are the three different parts in age structure?
400
-Represents the growth as it would look if a population did not have any limiting factors -Lag phase – initial phase of slow growth due to the number of organisms available to reproduce -Graph becomes J shaped
What is an exponential growth model?
400
-Orderly and predictable change that occur after a community of organisms has been removed, but the soil is still intact. -Occurs after disturbances such as fire, flood, or windstorm. -Faster process than primary succession, some soil is present and some species still present.
What is Secondary Succession?
500
Shift from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates within a population.
What is Demographic Transition?
500
The act of one organism consuming another for food.
What is Predation?
500
-rapid growth -slow growth -negative growth
What can age structure show?
500
-Growth slows or stops when it reaches carrying capacity. -S shaped curve -Growth is exponential for a time -Lag phase is still present
What is a Logistics Growth Model?
500
A stable, mature community that results when there is little change in the number of species.
What is a Climax Community?