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Genetics 1
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100

The unit that determines traits

What is a gene?

100
The man whom history credits as the founder of heredity, or, genetics
Who is Gregor Mendel
100
An organism's complete genetic makeup. Or a specific genetic formation, such as a heterozygous form
What is a genotype
100

The physical appearance of an organism; the expression of its genotype

What is a phenotype

100
Melissa is tall; Pedro has brown eyes — for example.
What are traits
200
When any organism reproduces, it is what we call the new organism
What are offspring
200
The stronger of the two kinds of alleles
What is a dominant allele
200

The likelihood of something happening...

Probability

200
The weaker of the two kinds of alleles
What is a recessive allele
200

We use this to help track genes over generations, ex. hemophilia in the royal family of England.

Pedigree 
300
Which of the following is a heterozygous genotype? AA Tt gg
Tt
300
The grid where we determine each possible genetic outcome an offspring may have
What is a Punnett square
300
A genotype that contains two of the same allele
What is a homozygous genotype
300

What information do we need before we can fill in a Punnett square?

The genotypes of the parents

300
The classification of this genotype: pp
What is homozygous recessive
400
The odds of a heterozygous offspring when two heterozygous parents procreate
50%
400
The classification of this genotype: BB
What is homozygous dominant
400

In simple genetics, how often will the heterozygous genotype display the dominant trait?

100% of the time

400

A corgi and a golden lab are very different dogs but are members of the same species. Explain the process that led them to be different

Selective breeding is where desirable traits are artificially selected for. 

400

A particular form of a gene, such as the A in the genotype Aa

What is an allele

500
What genetic phenomenon is demonstrated if we cross a red flower with a white flower, and produce a pink flower?
What is incomplete dominance
500
When Mendel crossed pure-breeding tall plants (TT) with pure-breeding short plants (tt), what was the result?
All the plants were tall
500

Suppose a disease is recessive and only present in individuals who are hh. Cross a HH with Hh. What are the odds of the disease affecting the offspring?

0%

500

Gray eyes are a recessive trait. Cross a homozygous recessive mother and a heterozygous father. What are the odds of the child having gray eyes?

50%

500
Cross a heterozygous genotype with another heterozygous genotype. What is the probability of the recessive trait appearing?
25%