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Genetics 1
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100

The basic unit of heredity that determines traits

What is a gene?

100
The man whom history credits as the founder of heredity, or, genetics
Who is Gregor Mendel
100
An organism's complete genetic makeup. Or a specific genetic formation, such as a heterozygous form
What is a genotype
100

The physical appearance of an organism; the expression of its genotype

What is a phenotype

100

Height, hair color, eye color, dimples, freckles


What are traits

200
When any organism reproduces, it is what we call the new organism
What are offspring
200
The stronger of the two kinds of alleles
What is a dominant allele
200

The likelihood of something happening...

Probability

200
The weaker of the two kinds of alleles
What is a recessive allele
200

The process where DNA makes RNA

What is Transcription

300
Which of the following is a heterozygous genotype? AA Tt gg
Tt
300
The grid where we determine each possible genetic outcome an offspring may have
What is a Punnett square
300
A genotype that contains two of the same allele
What is a homozygous genotype
300

What information do we need before we can fill in a Punnett square?

The genotypes of the parents

300
The classification of this genotype: pp
What is homozygous recessive
400

The odds of a heterozygous offspring when you cross two heterozygous parents 

50%

400
The classification of this genotype: BB
What is homozygous dominant
400

In simple genetics, how often will the heterozygous genotype display the dominant trait?

100% of the time

400

The process where RNA makes a protein

Translation

400

A particular form of a gene, such as the A in the genotype Aa

What is an allele

500

Type of reproduction that involves a single parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent

What is asexual reproduction

500
When Mendel crossed pure-breeding tall plants (TT) with pure-breeding short plants (tt), what was the result?
All the plants were tall
500

Suppose a disease is recessive and only present in individuals who are hh. Cross a HH with Hh. What are the odds of the disease affecting the offspring?

0%

500
Gray eyes are a recessive trait. Cross a homozygous recessive mother and a heterozygous father. What are the odds of the child having gray eyes?
75%
500
Cross a heterozygous genotype with another heterozygous genotype. What is the probability of the recessive trait appearing?
25%