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Bacteria
Viruses
Definitions
Diseases
Miscellaneous
100
Bacteria are important because they recycle nutrients through this.
What is decomposition?
100
This defense against infections recognizes specific antigens and attacks them.
What is specific immunity?
100
This is a general term meaning "agent of disease".
What is a "pathogen"?
100
This type of organism causes the common cold and polio.
What is a virus?
100
The prefix "exo", as in "exotoxin", means this.
What is "out"?
200
Bacteria are important because they may form the base of this, providing nutrition for other organisms in their community.
What is the food web (aka the food pyramid)?
200
This defense against infections attacks invaders without recognizing them.
What is non-specific immunity, or inflammation?
200
These are made by B-Cells to attack foreign proteins.
What are antibodies?
200
This type of organism causes the plague, tuberculosis, and leprosy.
What is bacteria?
200
A special type of bacteria that formed the oxygen we breathe.
What are cyanobacteria, aka blue-green bacteria?
300
These are the three types of bacteria (based on the environments in which they live).
What are obligate aerobe bacteria, obligate anaerobe bacteria, and facultative anaerobe bacteria?
300
Viruses do these two things that all living things do.
What are replication (reproduction) and evolution?
300
This is the definition of an antibiotic.
What are medicines effective against many bacteria but not against viruses.
300
These cells provide specific immunity by creating antibodies.
What are B-Cells?
300
The suffix "coccus" means this.
What is "spherical"?
400
This is the bacterial method of asexual reproduction.
What is binary fission (aka production of two bacteria that are identical to the original bacteria)?
400
These are the five qualities that are considered necessary for life (which viruses do not have).
What are metabolism, growth, response to stimuli, consisting of cells, and having homeostasis?
400
These are foreign proteins to which the body mounts an immune response.
What are antigens?
400
These cells provide specific immunity by helping B cells and killing infected cells.
What are T-Cells?
400
An endospore consists of these three things.
What are DNA, cytoplasm, and a thick wall?
500
Bacteria are important because they take nitrogen and make it into a usable form, aka this process.
What is nitrogen fixation?
500
These are the six chronological steps of a virus’ reproduction.
What are: attaching to a new cell, penetrating the cell by injecting nucleic acid, uncoating the cell, replication, self-assembly, and release of virus (lysis, lysogenic cycle, or budding)?
500
This is the definition of a vaccine.
What is a weakened pathogen to expose the immune system to antigens, so that when an actual infection occurs, there is a strong and quick memory immune response?
500
This lymphocyte is infected by HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.
What is a T Helper cell, aka a T4 cell?
500
These prefixes describe bacteria with growth patterns of clusters and chains.
What are “staphylo-” and “strepto-”?