What two approaches do we use to categorize information?
What is prototype approach and exemplar approach
100
What is the smallest segment that, if changed, affects it's meaning (basic sounds)?
What is a phoneme
100
True or False.
Our ability to understand words depends on word fequency.
What is true.
100
What is the waiting room experiment and was were the results?
What is participants' voices were recorded in the waiting area before the experiment. During the experiment, they heard their own individual words without context. The results were that participants could only identify about half of their own words and improved performance for longer segments.
100
What are the three types of evidence for prototypes and exemplars?
What are production tasks, sentence verification, and thinking about categories.
200
A snare drum is an example of which category level?
What is subordinate
200
What are the five characteristics of all human languages?
What are semanticity, arbitrariness, flexibility & naming, displacement, and productivity.
200
The old man the boat is an example of what?
What is a garden-path sentence.
200
What were the results of the cough experiment?
What is people interpret the missing word based on the context of the sentence.
200
According to Rosch's 3 levels of categories, a piano, a bird, and a table belong to which level of categorization?
What is the basic level.
300
What are Rosch's 3 levels of categories?
What are superordinate, basic, and subordinate
300
"Colorless green ideas sleep furiously" is an example of which characteristic of human language?
What is productivity.
300
What are the three types of inferences?
What are anaphoric, instrumental, and casual.
300
True or false. The two instructional conditions for the mashed potato experiment were neutral and food context.
What is true.
300
Root words, prefixes, and suffixes are called what according to the structure of language?
What are morphemes.
400
Describe the results of the Mashed Potato experiment and what they tell us?
What is the group that was asked to imagine the objects full of mashed potatoes were more likely to identify the objects with larger openings as bowls. This shows the importance of context in how we categorize information.
400
What are the three levels of analysis and what do they mean?
What is phonology: the study of the production and perception of language sounds, syntax: the study of structure of sentences, or rules determining order of words or phrases, and semantics: study of word meaning.
400
What is the difference between linguistic competence and linguistic performance?
What is linguistic competence is the underlying linguistic knowledge that lets people produce and comprehend their language and linguistic performance is people's actual use of the knowledge.
400
What were the results of the syntactic priming experiment?
What is the participant's description matched the form of the confederate 78% of the time.
400
Name four out of the seven types of speech errors.
What are phoneme exchange, morpheme exchange, word exchange, word substitution, perseveration, blend, and spoonerism.
500
Describe the Basic Level Experiment and what did the results tell us.
What is participants were shown pictures of tables and asked if the object was a table (basic level) or furniture (superordinate). Participants identified the object faster at the basic level than the superordinate level. The results tell us that is it easier to identify something if the category is more specific.
500
What is coarticulation?
What is more than one phoneme at a time that affects articulation.
500
Decide which example goes with each inference (anaphoric, instrumental, or casual).
1. John pounded the nail.
2. Jill didn't study. She failed the exam.
3. Ashley went to the gym to workout. After she went to math class. The teacher asked her to summarize her paper that he had assigned the class to do.
1. Instrumental
2. Casual
3. Anaphoric
500
What was the procedure of the syntactic priming experiment?
What is a confederate reads statements to a participant from behind a screen and the participant must find the corresponding card. The participants then describe a new card to the confederate.
500
True or false. We have a larger expressive than receptive vocabulary.