What are the three most common causes for respiratory distress in a cat?
Lower airway disease, heart disease, pleural space disease.
100
Most disorders of plasma sodium concentration result from abnormalities in the handling of __________.
Water
200
Your hospitalized patient with osteosarcoma was treated with carboplatin yesterday. Which of your patient's excretions is likely the most toxic right now, and why?
Urine! The vast majority of each dose of carboplatin is excreted unchanged in the urine.
200
What are three common causes of systemic hypertension in dogs?
Cushing's disease, diabetes, kidney disease.
200
The most common cause of hyperkalemia in small animal patients is:
Decreased renal excretion
300
What are the three absolute requirements for the production of concentrated urine?
1. The presence of ADH and the ability of the kidneys to respond correctly to it.
2. A concentrated renal medullary interstitium.
3. At least 33% of nephrons are functional.
300
What are three common causes of systemic hypertension in cats?
Hyperthyroidism, kidney disease, diabetes.
300
For accurate assessment of calcium status, you need to measure:
an ionized calcium
400
In which phase of ARF is therapeutic intervention most likely to be successful?
The initiation stage
400
What are three common exam findings in cats in shock?