The Basics
This is a formal written enactment of a legislative body.
What is a statute
According to Cesare Beccaria, punishment should be imposed for this reason.
What is to prevent the offender from committing additional crimes.
The view of crime as human conduct that violates the criminal law is drawn from this perspective.
What is the legalistic perspective.
The Classical School of criminology attributes crime to these outlooks.
What are positivist outlooks.
Positivism is based on an acceptance of this determinism.
What is hard determinism.
This form of human activity violates social norms.
What is deviant behavior
The Panopticon was designed by this famous criminologist.
Who is Jeremy Bentham.
This perspective holds that laws should be enacted to criminalize given forms of behavior when members of society agree that such laws are necessary.
What is the consensus perspective.
According to the key principles of the Classical School of criminology, the purpose of punishment is to do this.
What is to deter offenders from future involvement in crime.
The development of this notorious law was based on the justice model.
What is the Three-Strikes Law.
The proportion of reported or discovered crime within a given offense category which is solved by the police is known as this rate.
What is the clearance rate.
According to Gall, the shape of the is body part can be used to predict criminality.
What is the skull.
The consensus perspective is most applicable in these societies.
What are homogeneous societies.
The Nothing Works doctrine contributed to the development of this school of criminology. Hint: sounds like a new version of Beethoven.
What is Neoclassical Criminology.
Biological theories assume that the basic determinants of human behavior are ________ based.
What is constitutionally.
The dark figure of crime refers to this.
What is the crime that is not reported to the police.
According to Lombroso, this group of people were occasional criminals tempted to commit a crime by a situational or environmental factor.
Who are criminaloids.
The pluralist perspective suggests that behaviors are typically criminalized through this process.
What is a political process.
According to neoclassical criminology, the role of punishment is to provide this.
What is both deterrence and retribution.
The creation of street gangs and separatist groups is an example of the sociobiological principle of this.
What is tribalism.
The main goal of criminological research is to develop effective this, based on scientific evidence.
What are social policies
This Jeremy Bentham approach emphasizes the determination of behavior based on the amount of pleasure or pain the behavior can be expected to produce.
What is Hedonistic Calculus.
Many contemporary criminologists operate primarily from this perspective.
What is sociological.
Classical criminology has been criticized for lacking an explanation of this.
What is personal motivation.
One concern with early biological theories is their dismissal of the concept of this.
What is heredity.