joint basics
The study of joints and their structure
What is arthrology
The fluid that lubricates and cushions bone ends
What is synovial fluid
Movement that decreases the angle between bones
What is flexion
When bones are forced our of alignment
What is dislocation
The most common type of arthritis related to aging
What is osteoarthritis
Joints that allow no movement, like cranial sutures
What are synarthroses
The two layers of the synovial capsule
What are the synovial membrane and fibrous layer
Turning the palm upwards
What is supination
Overstretching of a ligament
What is a sprain
An autoimmune disease that attacks joint tissues
What is rheumatoid arthritis
The two criteria used to structurally classify joints
What is the presence of joint space, and the type of connective tissue
These ligaments reinforce synovial joints externally
What are reinforcing ligaments
The foot movement where the sole turns inward
What is inversion
Surgery named after a baseball pitcher to repair elbow direction
What is Tommy John surgery
The form of arthritis caused by uric acid crystal buildup
What is gouty arthritis
The three main structural joint types
What are fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints
Fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction between structures
What are bursae
The motion of moving a limb away from the midline
What is abduction
The structure most often injured when rapidly changing direction
What is the ACL
The joint change where articular cartilage degenerated over time
WHat is degeneration
The terms describing a joint between a bone and a tooth
What is a gomphosis
The type of joint where articulating bones are separated by a fluid cavity
What is a synvovial joint
The unique thumb movement allowing grasping
What is opposition
The type of cartilage injury caused by compression and shear
What is a meniscus tear
The general term for over 100 joint diseases
What is arthritis