court case in which the "Pentagon Papers" were released. Excerpts from pentagon on Vietnam War claiming government lied to congress. Nixon ruled against NYT. 6 to 3 decision, Supreme court ruled against US. Press is free to act with leeway. 1971.
What is NY Times vs. US.
100
take open positions on topic. Research needed, kind of investigative journalism, environmental journalism, educational journalism.
What is Advocacy.
100
when the company's mission statement is different than what they really do. for ex. PETA
What is front group
100
this was created by the Public Relations Society of America in order to prohibit front groups and lying by omission. and reinforces loyalty to the client.
What is Code of Ethics.
100
Consolidations of supermarkets and shopping malls contributed to the … of journalists to PR.
What is migration.
200
early 20th century, McClure's which was the most important magazine that portrayed this, it includes investigative journalism, reporters writing to go thru dirty conditions, they weren't afraid of getting their "hands dirty"
What is muckraking.
200
readers, journalists as active citizens. Inform populous about info, and why this info is relevant to the citizens
What is Civic.
200
These people came up with the definition of journalism as the ability to provide citizens with the information that is necessary to those citizens to be free and self-governing.
Who are Kovach and Rosiensteil
200
this is promotion and advocacy of a client before the public. It is not the same as marketing because it is not product oriented. It identifies the policies and procedures of an individual or organization with the public interest.
What is Public relations.
200
Even if a PR agent gets expelled from violating code, they are not … from profession.
What is barred.
300
This is the type of publications that include African American Newspapers known as "Freedom Journalism" and Foreign Language Newspapers (for immigrants).
What is Co Culture Press
300
Offered in non-traditional outlets. Influenced of muckraking, yellow journalism. New Journalism and Gonzo Style (75% more personal, the writer was part of the story).
What is Alternative journalism.
300
K & R believed that journalists first obligation was to …
What is truth.
300
He was one of the fathers of PR. He believed propaganda for breakfast. He was the nephew of Sigmund Freud. Believed in the need for manipulation of public. Front groups and tie-ins. Helped United Fruit Company and Woman vs. Smoking.
Who is Edward Bernays
300
this allows for the person to put a spin on facts. all about image, and helping cases. it persuades.
What is Public relations.
400
The creation of Journalism Schools in 1908 contributed to the … of journalism. University of Missouri and Columbia University were of the first two journalism schools.
What is professionalization.
400
presents individual, organization, or issue of public interest. Narrative and instructive.
What is Feature journalism.
400
Journalists are also supposed to merely report info so citizens can make decisions. They are also supposed to be the … or interpreters of information. They uncover secrets, monitor those in power.
What are gatekeepers.
400
Public relations agents need to be … and …
They need to present info that the client wishes to promote. (…) and Respond to crisis situations (…)
What is proactive and reactive.
400
people are now switching from..
What is journalism to PR.
500
this was the first professional journalist club that helped contribute to the professionalization of journalism. 1908.
What is National Press Club.
500
Pursuit of more in depth understanding of specific issue. Wider range of sources. Frequently secret info is released.
What is Investigative.
500
This is requires double-checking sources, Fair-balanced news, and access to information. Press should be independent and should not have embedding.
What is verification.
500
one of the fathers of public relations who believed that it was a two way street. He formed Parker and Lee PR firm. He promoted openness, and the corporate spin. He helped with the Atlantic City train wreck and Ludlow Massacre. He was Rockefeller's PR agent.
Who is Ivy Lee.
500
this requires facts in order to become relevant. and its main goal is to inform the audience.