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Vocab
Sects of Judaism
People
More vocab
Miscellaneous
100
a binding and solemn agreement between human beings or between God and his people, holding each to a particular course of action
What is the Covenant?
100
is absolutely binding; torah is from god
What is Orthodox Judaism?
100
those who are not Jewish
Who are Gentiles?
100
Yiddish was the language of Ashkenazi Jews, but not Sephardi Jews is based on German, Hebrew and other languages; uses an alphabet based on Hebrew; was criticized as a barrier to assimilation; developed rich literature, theater and music “Mother tongue”
What is Yiddish?
100
from Friday evening to Saturday evening the day of rest no work: creation, destruction
What is the Shabbat?
200
place where Jews could worship God communally
What is a synagogue?
200
arose in Germany during 19th Century outgrowth of the Enlightenment attempt of Jews to assimilate into European society don’t take the strictness of the Torah be jews and cultured Europeans support the state of Israel
What is Reform JUdaism?
200
Wealthy; aristocrats Some were high priests Obeyed the laws of Rome (because Israel was under Roman control) Focused more on politics rather than religion Held majority of the seats in the council (Sanhedrin) Since wealthier than the common man, these people couldn’t cooperate well with ordinary Jews.
What are the Sadducees?
200
Mountain top where Moses received the 10 commandements
What is Mt. Sinai?
200
Commemorates the Israelites’ freedom from slavery (from the Egyptians).
What is Passover?
300
coming of age ceremony for a 13 yr old boy Recognizes that the boy has become an adult and is responsible for his religious and moral training
What is a Bat Mitzvah?
300
American movement during the 1950’s a religious movement against the Reform jews they went too far and lost their Jewish identity
What is Conservative Judaism?
300
“Separatists” or the “Separated Ones” Severe opponents of Jesus Christ and his message. They became so devoted to God, that they eventually became extremists. They eventually hated God and his message, being the ones to want Jesus to be killed. Did all they could to stop the Messiah and his words.
What are the Pharisees?
300
Russian word that means destruction Attacks/looting/destruction on the Jews in Russia
What is Pogrom?
300
at the front door is the Sh’ma behind a metal plate bolted to the frame Jews put their heads or touch upon entering the dwelling to remind themselves
What is a Mezuzah?
400
Boundary that allows the Jews to take the “private” idea of life out to the public. Used during the Shabbat. Since Jewish people cannot carry private items during the Shabbat, they are allowed to do so only at certain boundaries places
What is an Eruv?
400
Rabbi Israel ben Elizer brought God, joy, and life itself into Jewish communities; He emphasized the presence of God in all aspects of Jewish life His messaged spread into this new movement. From the Hebrew meaning “pious,” a movement within Judaism founded in 18th century Poland where pious devotion to God is as important as study of Torah Forms of this religion are found in Orthodox Judaism today Each group’s leader call a rebbe
What is Hasidism?
400
Famous Biblical Commentator during the Middle Ages. He was concerned with every word of the text. Helped explain the Talmud, specifically the Gemara discussions. He explained the meanings behind the phrases, making them understandable to everyone. His brief explanations for the Gemara discussions made him very popular and well-liked. Helped non-scholars to understand the Talmud.
Who is Rashi?
400
the dispersion of the Jews among the Gentiles after the Babylonian exile Also refers to the Jewish communities that are scattered in Palestine/Israel.
What is the Diaspora?
400
laws for this man's people aka everyone the laws where all other laws stem from the basic moral and ethnic code
What are Noahide laws?
500
Headcovering that was established during the Talmudic times; The “High Priest” would wear the this, symbolizing that something was between him and God. For those who do wear the this, this symbolizes that they are the “High Priests.” Also a sign of humility… respecting that God is above them.
What is a kippah?
500
one of the three different denominations Ultra-orthodox Follows the customs of their ancestors seriously
What is Haredim?
500
Contributed to Jewish life by the Mishneh Torah His code of Jewish Law Wanted to help the Jewish people by helping them through this book. Became standard guide to Jewish practice
What is Moses Maimonides (Rambam)
500
What do Jews believe about the afterlife?
The Torah mentions very little of an afterlife so Jews are unclear about it more focused on this life and following the Torah having said that... there is a life after this one those who were good have better treatment than those who were bad (aka Hitler) no heaven or hell
500
What is this in English" “Baruch Atah Adonai. . .”?
What is Blessed be you Lord, my god and king.