Judicial Branch

𝐕𝐨𝐜𝐚𝐛𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐲

100

At the top of the federal court system; decides whether laws are constitutional; has original jurisdiction on cases involving states or foreign diplomats; 9 justices appointed by President with Senate approval; their decisions set precedence. 

Supreme Court

200

A prior court case is used to base decisions of a new court case

Precedent

300

Suit between two private parties or one private party and the government

Civil Dispute

400

Calendar where accepted court cases go

Docket

500

DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Court order requiring someone to appear in court

Subpoena

𝐑𝐨𝐥𝐞𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐏𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫𝐬

100

The main job of the Judicial Branch

Interpret Laws

200

A check on both the Legislative and Executive branches

Judicial Review

300

The Supreme Court mainly hears cases that involve this type of issue

Constitutional Issues

400

Describes the authority of courts to hear only certain types of cases, such as those involving federal laws or disputes between states

Limited Jurisdiction

500

DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Lower federal courts are created by this branch

Legislative Branch, Congress

𝐀𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐝𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐬 𝐀𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐉𝐮𝐝𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐁𝐫𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐡

100

This amendment protects people from unreasonable search and seizures

The 4th Amendment

200

This Amendment guarantees due process and protection against self incrimination. "I plead the fifth"

5th Amendment

300

This Amendment guarantees the right to an attorney and a fair and speedy trial

6th Amendment

400

This Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law.

14th Amendment

500

DOUBLE JEOPARDY: This Amendment guarantees protection from excessive bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishment.

8th Amendment

𝐉𝐮𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐞𝐬

100

Appointed by the President, with Senate approval

Federal Judges

200

Term of Justices

Till retirement, death, or impeachment.

300

Number of Justices

Nine

400

Presides over court proceedings, acts as spokesperson for the Supreme Court, presides over impeachment trials.

Chief Justice

500

DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Head of the Justice Department

U.S. Attorney General

𝐅𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐂𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐬

100

Established the requirement for law enforcement to inform individuals of their constitutional rights before being arrested

Miranda v. Arizona

200

Ended segregation in public schools

Brown v Board of Education

300

Created the power of Judicial Review

Marbury vs. Madison

400

Upheld the constitutionality of "Separate but equal"

Plessy v Ferguson

500

DOUBLE JEOPARDY: Established that evidence obtained illegally cannot be used against someone in court, "Exclusionary Rule"

Mapp v. Ohio