Judicial Branch
What is the duty of the Judicial Branch?
To interpret the laws.
This type of case is when the law is broken and the state is a "party."
Criminal
What is original jurisdiction?
The right of a certain court to hear a case for the first time, they get to decide the "facts" of the case.
What is an ordiance?
A local law
To make a decision, a jury must be what?
BONUS - How many jurors are there usually.
Unanimous
12
What is meant by the term "Impartial Jury?"
The jury has no prior knowledge, bias, or prejudice and will decide based on the evidence alone.
This type of case results in someone serving jailtime, paying a fine, probation, community service, or the death penatly.
Criminal
What are the three types of Jurisdiction?
BONUS - define all three
Original - authority to hear a case for the first time. Appellate - authority to review the decision of a lower court. Final - authority to make the final decision in a case.
What Amendment of the Constitution reserves power to the States?
10th Amendment
Which court is the highest court in the land?
Supreme Court
What is the Rule of Four?
Four justices are needed to hear a case, it is how the Supreme Court decides which cases to hear.
This type of case is when only a preponderance of evidence is needed.
Civil
Which court has jurisdiction over these cases? Marriage, Divorce, Adoption, Property Disputes, Workplace Injuries
State Jurisdiction
How many terms can a governor serve for and long is each term?
2 terms, 4 years.
This is what protects someone from being tried twice for the same crime.
What is double jeopardy?
List and define TWO of the 12 exceptions for police not needing a warrant to conduct a search.
Consent, Probable Cause, Plain View, Incident to Arrest, Hot Pursuit, Stop/Frisk, Border Crossing, Custodial, Emergency, Probation, Abandoned Property, Administrative
This type of case is when the jury rules in favor of one side or gives rules them responsible.
Civil
Which court has jurisdiction over these cases? Disputes between states, Cases affecting ambassadors and diplomats, Treaties, Foreign Nations
Supreme Court Jurisdiction
What is a recall?
The process of removing an elected official from office.
What is the difference between a plaintiff and a defendent?
A plaintiff is the person accusing someone else. A defendant is the person accused.
What is the difference between a Strict Constructionist and a Liberal Conctructionist?
Strict - exactly as written, says what it means and means what it says. Liberal - open to interpretation, modern world and things change.
This type of case includes felonies or misdemeanors.
BONUS - Give an example of each type of crime
Criminal
Felony - murder, robbery, assault. Misdemeanors - DUI, drugs.
These are the reasons someone can appeal a case.
Application of Law (the law was applied incorrectly) OR the Law is unconstitutional.
What is the Line-Item Veto, what it is mainly used for, and who has the power to use it
Reject certain lines of the bill, mainly used for budget bills, the Governor.
What is the difference between a preponderance of evidence and beyond a reasonable doubt?
Preponderance - more likely than not. Beyond a reasonable doubt - no other reasonable explanation for the evidence, no doubt that this is what happened.