Supreme Court
the supreme court was established by this document
the constitution
While structures vary by state, these courts handle the vast majority of all civil and criminal cases
state courts
The first ten amendments to the Constitution are collectively known by this name.
bill of rights
This 1954 decision famously overturned Plessy v. Ferguson
Brown v. Board of Education
The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case within a specific geographic area or over a certain type of legal matter.
Jurisdiction
the supreme court judges go by this name
justices
This is the name for the first level of state courts where cases begin
trial courts
This Amendment protects five core freedoms speech religion the press assembly and petitioning the government.
first amendment
This 1966 case requires police to inform criminal suspects of their Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights
Miranda v. Arizona
This term describes a prior judicial decision that serves as an authoritative rule or guide for judges in deciding a later similar case ensuring consistency in the law.
Precedent
Article III of the Constitution grants Supreme Court justices this term length
life
State courts primarily handle these types of criminal cases
assault, murder and DUI
This Amendment guarantees the right of individuals to own weapons.
second amendment
This 1896 case established the doctrine of separate but equal which legally allowed racial segregation for nearly 60 years.
Plessy v. Ferguson
This question is DOUBLE JEOPARTY This formal order is issued by a higher court, like the Supreme Court, to a lower court to send up the records of a case for review, which the higher court grants at its discretion.
Writ of certiorari
the current chief justice's name is
John roberts
the person who presides over the state supreme court is given this specific title
Chief Justice of the state supreme court
this Amendment lowered the national voting age to 18 years old
26th amendment
In this 1963 case the Court ruled that states must provide an attorney.
Gideon v. Wainwright
This is the name given to the official written explanation of the court's decision in a case, reflecting the winning side's legal reasoning.
majority opinion
This is the number of justices required to hear a case before the Supreme Court can grant a writ of certiorari.
4
If a party is unsatisfied with the decision of a state trial court they can take their case to this higher level court to review for legal errors.
appellate courts
This Amendment limits the President of the United States to serving only two terms in office.
22nd amendment
This 1969 case affirmed that students do not shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate.
Tinker v. Des Moines
this type of jury does not determine guilt or innocence but rather decides if there is enough evidence or probable cause to formally indict someone and send a case to trial.
Grand Jury