Cytology
Group of stains commonly used for veterinary cytology and hematology that provide orange-pink staining of erythrocytes and eosinophil granules and purple-blue staining of nuclei.
What are Romanowsky stains?
Species with eosinophils containing rod shaped granules
What are cats?
3 analytes reflecting liver and its function
What are ALP, ALT, AST, GGT, Bile acids, Albumin? (Accept any 3)
Method for the determination of urine specific gravity
What is refractometry?
Excessive haemodilution, a paucity of intact nucleated cells and excessive thickness of smears
What are 3 features that affect the quality of cytology smears?
This circumstance results in very ‘blue’ staining of cytologic preparations and may render them unacceptable for interpretation.
What is exposure to formalin fumes?
Rabbit, avian, amphibian, and reptile equivalent of a neutrophil
What are heterophils?
Test used to assess hyperglobulinaemia and determine if amonoclonal gammopathy or polyclonal gammopathy is present
What is serum protein electrophoresis?
This dipstick pad will test positive when erythrocytes, hemoglobin or myoglobin are present in urine
What is the urine dipstick pad for blood?
In dogs, the lifespan of this cell in the blood is approximately 4-8hours
What is a neutrophil?
This cell type is represented by cohesive groups of cells or individual cells with round to oval, central to eccentric nuclei and variable amounts and shapes of cytoplasm. Shapes include cuboidal, columnar, or polygonal.
What are epithelial cells?
This species has RBC lifespan of 110-120 days
What are dogs?
Two tests to assess muscle damage
What are CK and AST?
Protein constituting 40-60% of the the total protein normally excreted in urine, which is not completely resorbed by renal tubule cells
What is albumin?
Condition in cats when there is a combination of pancreatitis, gastroenteritis and cholangiohepatitis
What is triaditis?
Multinucleation, prominent nucleoli, nuclear moulding and increased nuclear: cytoplasmic ratio
What are features associated with malignancy?
Site of T-lymphocyte origination in the body
What is the thymus?
Persistent hyperglycaemia (> 16 mmol/L, 288 mg/dL) and glucosuria in a cat
What are two criteria for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in a cat?
Time period following collection within which urinalysis and urine sediment examination is recommended
What is 30 minutes?
Naked nuclei, groups of cells with poorly defined cytoplasmic boundaries, delicate homogenous to faintly vacuolated cytoplasm
What are neuroendocrine cells?
This cell type is represented by cells with oval to elongated oval nuclei that occur singly or in loosely associated groups, and whose cytoplasm may vary from ovoid to elongated or fusiform.
What are mesenchymal cells?
Bone marrow cell from which platelets originate
What is a megakaryocyte?
2 criteria used for substaging of chronic kidney disease according to the IRIS guidelines
What are proteinuria and blood pressure?
Proteins in urine associated with monoclonal gammopathy with multiple myeloma
What are Bence-Jones proteins?
Highly alkaline urine, loss of reagents from dipstick due to prolonged immersion in the urine sample, and contamination with quaternary ammonium compounds (disinfectants)
What are the 3 causes for false-positive results for proteinuria on urine dipstick analysis?