Fallacies
When only two options are presented in an argument, when there are in fact more.
What is the false dilemma fallacy?
A sentence with a truth value.
What is a statement?
A definition of knowledge as justified, true belief.
What is the tripartite theory of knowledge?
If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true.
What is a valid argument?
It means 'attacking the person'.
What is ad hominem?
Stating that you should not do something as it will eventually lead to a bad outcome - without giving evidence.
What is the slippery slope fallacy?
An attempt to persuade, using evidence.
What is an argument?
The philosophical position that knowledge can never be certain.
What is scepticism?
A way to set out an argument, by labelling the premises and conclusion, written as standalone statements.
What is standard form?
The study of the nature of knowledge.
What is epistemology?
Saying that a claim is false because of an irrelevant fact about the person who has made it.
What is the attacking the person fallacy?
A statement that is disguised as a question.
What is a rhetorical question?
The philosopher who said that the mind is like a blank sheet of paper.
Who is Locke?
A statement in support of an argument that is implied rather than stated explicitly.
What is a hidden premise?
It means 'you too', and is a type of attacking the person fallacy where the arguer is accused of being a hypocrite.
What is tu quoque?
Using the view of a person to back up your argument, when the person does not have relevant expertise.
What is an illegitimate appeal to authority?
A statement given to support a conclusion.
What is a premise?
The philosopher who said that the mind is like a block of marble.
Who is Leibniz?
In an argument, words like therefore, so, also and because.
What is a premise indicator?
It means 'before experience'.
What is a priori?
A type of attacking the person argument, where the argument is dismissed because the person is accused of having something to gain from us believing the argument.
What is the ad hominem circumstantial fallacy?
Making a claim, without giving evidence.
What is asserting?
A sceptical argument that knowledge can never be justified, as each justification needs itself to be justified.
What is the infinite regress of justification?
When setting out an argument formally, the line that is drawn between the premises and the conclusion.
What is the inference bar?
It means 'after experience'.
What is a posteriori?