How do scientists know...
How do scientists get most of the information we know about dinosaurs?
Fossils
What gives humans and animals their color?
pigments
What kind of wave is light?
electromagnetic
Where did chickens originate
southeast Asia/India
How many chickens are there in the world?
22 billion
What is a paleontologist?
Someone who studies dinosaurs
Name of pigment that colors human hair and skin?
melanin
The top of the wave is called the what?
crest
What is an example of a modern dinosaur?
Bird
What did the Egyptians do to make chicken/egg a common meal instead of rare?
They artificially incubated eggs in baskets over hot ashes to allow hens to lay more eggs
How did scientists know that the microraptor had feathers?
Imprints of feathers on fossils
Name of pigment that makes carrots orange and cardinals red?
carotenoids
From crest to crest on a wave is called the what?
wavelength
Name of a dinosaur that most likely had feathers?
velociraptor
Three ways chickens spread through the whole world? (100 points each)
trade, conquest, colonization
How did the scientists know that the microraptor was all one color?
Feather cells were analyzed from 20 different locations and found to have the same melanosomes
What is melanin made up of?
melanosomes
What has the shortest wavelength, red, purple, or green?
Purple
What is the modern chicken primarily descended from?
red jungle fowl
Who studied chickens as part of his formation of the theory of evolution?
Charles Darwin
How did scientists discover that microraptors were iridescent black?
Found that microraptor melanosomes were close match to iridescent duck feathers and examined size of melanosomes to determine that they would reflect the color black
What are melanosomes?
hollow nanostructures within melanin that absorb and reflect light to make colors
What happens if a melanosome is the same width as the wavelength of the light hitting it?
It will reflect the color associated with that specific wavelength
What is the name of the carnivorous, four-winged dinosaur that eats fish and lived 120 million years ago?
Bonus: How long was this dinosaur?
microraptor
2 feet
What famous scientific advance came from "the fancy"?
Bonus: What was "the fancy"? (50 points)
the Punnett square
Farmers all over tried to breed new kinds of chickens with new and specific traits
What is a punnett square used for?
Shows genotypes that result from breeding certain pairings