Juvenile Basics
In most states, a juvenile delinquent is under this age?
18
Name one example of a status offense.
Truancy, curfew violation, running away, underage drinking
In juvenile court, the term “disposition” is most similar to what adult court process?
Sentencing
Officers handling status offenses can either cite, warn, or do this alternative?
Divert (refer to services instead of court)
In the 1980s–1990s, there was a major push to “get tough” on juveniles. What did this mean?
Make it easier to try juveniles as adults, harsher punishments
What are the juvenile equivalents of conviction and sentencing?
Adjudication and Disposition
True or False: Shoplifting is a status offense?
False
First juvenile court was created in this city and year?
Chicago, 1899
What are the two main goals of juvenile justice?
Rehabilitation & Protection
Why are juvenile records often sealed?
To protect youth from lifelong consequences and give them a second chance
Juvenile court focuses on the ____ instead of the offense.
Offender
CHINS or PINS stands for what?
Child/Person in Need of Supervision
In juvenile court, the legal term “adjudication” is most similar to what adult court process?
Conviction
This movement in the 1800s pushed for the separate treatment of children in court
Child Savers Movement
What is it called when the state acts as a guardian?
Parens patriae
This MN option blends a juvenile and an adult sentence
Extended Jurisdiction Juvenile
Handling status offenses with discretion (cite, warn, or divert) can build what?
Community Trust
List two common dispositions that a juvenile judge may impose.
Community Service
Counseling
Probation
Youth Facility
Before the 1800s, children were often treated like ___ in court.
Adults
The 1980's -1990's was which movement of Juvenile Justice?
Get Tough Era
Explain the difference between a delinquent act and a status offense. Give one example of each.
Delinquent act: Would be a crime if committed by an adult (ex: shoplifting, assault).
Status offense: Only illegal due to age (ex: truancy, running away, curfew).
What were youth considered in the 1980's deserving of long prison sentences?
"super-predators"
This Minnesota option gives a juvenile both a juvenile sentence and a stayed adult sentence?
Extended Jurisdiction Juvenile (EJJ)
Give an example of "labeling theory" in juvenile justice?
Delinquent
"Bad" kid
"Just like your parents"
"Trouble maker"
Name two current issues facing juvenile justice today in Minnesota.
Mental health
Poverty
Racial disparities
Trafficking & exploitation
Brain development research