Hydrology & Pollution
This term is used for “mass accumulation” in hydrology topics, specifically the full sum of components flowing in and out of the system.
What is storage?
This legislation presides over the quality of fishable, swimmable waters, and controls discharges into natural water systems.
What is the Clean Water Act?
This kind of ozone is specifically harmful to humans and is considered a criteria air pollutant.
What is tropospheric (or ground level)?
This type of material recovery facility, or MRF, is mainly used to repurpose materials such as aluminum, ferrous iron, plastics, and glass.
What is a recycling center?
This modeling tool is used to quantify human and environmental impacts of products, processes, and systems.
What is a life cycle assessment (LCA)?
This parameter is significant in quantifying pollution in rivers. It describes a specific requirement that most microorganisms need present in order to consume food.
What is BOD?
This constituent is what wastewater treatment generally and secondary treatment specifically are primarily designed to remove.
What is BOD?
This metric is used to relate the daily air pollution concentrations of criteria air pollutants measured in a particular geographic area to concentrations of air pollutants.
What is the Air Quality Index (AQI)?
What is the Resource Conservation & Recovery Act (RCRA)?
In order to limit runoff from a landfill, this system is required onsite.
What is a leachate collection (or management) system?
This equation is used to calculate the amount of dissolved oxygen in a river based on rates of oxygenation from natural aeration and deoxygenation from biodegradation of waste.
What is the Streeter-Phelps equation?
This treatment is used to remove large solids and other obstructions at the beginning of a wastewater treatment plant.
What are bar racks (or screens)
During the night, wind is 5 m/s at the centerline of the plume. This is the atmospheric condition if it’s overcast.
What is neutral or Class D?
This gas can be produced in landfills and then recovered as an economical form of electricity.
What is methane (CH4)?
This term refers to pollution sources that are discharged from a single location, like a wastewater treatment plant or an industrial stack.
What is a point source?
A stream’s saturation dissolved oxygen (DO) is 8.1 mg/L with actual DO concentration at 6.2 mg/L currently as a wastewater effluent stream increases the BODu to 20 mg/L. If the reaeration constant is 0.11/day and the deoxygenation constant is 0.06/day, this is the initial deficit.
What is 1.9 mg/L?
In this reactor, organisms convert dissolved organic matter (CBOD and NBOD) into gaseous CO2, water, nitrate, and particulate organic matter.
What is the aeration basin (or oxidation ditch)?
This is the ground-level pollutant concentration (ug/m3) 1 km downwind of a stack in the open country, with an effective height of 22 m, emitting at a rate of 450 mg/s. Assume the wind is 4 m/s at the centerline of the plume under slightly unstable conditions.
What is 4.5 ug/m3?
Biosolids from a wastewater treatment plant have a moisture content of 40%. They are to be mixed with woodchips prior to combustion. The woodchips have a moisture content of 10%. The mixture must have a moisture content of less than or equal to 20% to allow proper combustion. This is smallest ratio of woodchips to biosolids on a wet mass basis.
What is a 2:1 ratio?
This is the location (m) of highest ground-level pollutant concentration downwind of a stack in the open country, with an effective height of 102 m, emitting at a rate of 80 mg/s. Assume the wind is 4 m/s at the centerline of the plume under slightly unstable conditions.
What is 986 m?
A stream’s saturation dissolved oxygen (DO) is 8.1 mg/L with actual DO concentration at 6.2 mg/L currently as a wastewater effluent stream increases the BODu to 20 mg/L. If the reaeration constant is 0.11/day and the deoxygenation constant is 0.06/day, this is the deficit after 12 hours.
What is 2.4 mg/L DO?
A 3 MGD plant employs several aeration basins with a 6 hour retention time. Influent BOD is measured at 250 mg/L, the MLVSS concentration is maintained at 2,500 mg/L, and the effluent BOD is reduced to 14 mg/L. This is the F/M ratio (lb/lb-day).
What is 0.4 lb/lb-day?
These are all the criteria air pollutants regulated under NAAQS.
What are carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM 2.5, PM 10), lead (Pb), ozone (O3), NOx, and SOx?
This is the theoretical production of landfill gas (in m3 of CH4 only) from the degradation of 10 kg of rapidly decomposable MSW. Assume the density of methane is 0.8 kg/m3.
What is 4.02 m3?
This is the aeration basin volume (m3) for the following treatment plant characteristics:
[BOD5]eff = 30 mg/L; [TSS]eff = 11.1 mg/L; Q = 0.150 m3/s; [BOD5]inf = 84 mg/L; Ks = 100 mg/L; μmax = 2.5/d; kd = 0.05/d; Y = 0.5 g VSS / g BOD removed; SRT = 5.0 days; MLVSS = 2000 mg/L
What is 700 m3?