FOUNDERS
Argued people give up some freedom to a government in exchange for order; the social contract
Thomas Hobbes
Creates Congress and lists its powers
Article I
Speech, religion, press, assembly, petition
1st
Abolished slavery
13th
Government itself has to follow the law
Limited Government
Denied that kings rule by divine right; said governing power belongs to the people and is handed to government
John Locke
A state wants to ignore a child custody order issued by a court in another state; what article settles this?
Article IV
Protects against unreasonable search and seizure
4th
Gave women the right to vote
19th
Power split between national and state governments
Federalism
Wanted government power to have limits
William Penn
38 states ratify a new ammendment. Which article did they just use?
Article V
Right to remain silent; no double jeopardy; due process
5th
Limits a president to two terms
22nd
Congress makes, President enforces, Courts interpret
Separation of Powers
Argued government should be split into three branches
Montesquieu
A state law and a federal law directly conflict. Which article settles it, and what’s that clause called?
Article VI
Speedy public trial, jury, right to an attorney
6th
Senators elected by voters instead of state legislatures
17th
Veto, Senate confirmation, judicial review
Checks and Balances
Wrote the first written constitution and wanted all men to be able to vote
Thomas Hooker
Name the three articles and the three branches of government each creates.
I legislative, II executive, III judicial
Bans cruel and unusual punishment
8th
Spells out presidential succession and disability
25th
Protections the government can’t take away from a person
Individual Rights