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Theories, Models, Practices & Leaders
Positive Youth Development
Essential Elements Part I
Essential Elements Part II
Potpourri
100
This approach uses proactive strategies and methods to help young people before a problem occurs.
What is prevention theory?
100
These three letters are often used in lieu of the full name of positive youth development.
What is PYD?
100
The acronym for the four overarching themes of the Eight Essential Elements.
What is BIG-M? (belonging, independence, generosity, mastery)
100
Volunteers treat each member as a valuable individual and strive to get to know each member's interests and some about their family.
What is a positive relationship with a caring adult?
100
Created to make children and youth a top national priority, this movement grew out of the 1997 President's Summit for America's Future, the organization has five promises.
What is America's Promise?
200
This approach identifies and examines risk and protective factors and the effects on young people while focusing on understanding healthy development and good outcomes in spite of exposure to risks.
What is resiliency theory?
200

The largest youth development organization in the world, this organization seeks to teach young people life skills and promote positive youth development through educational programs implemented through county-based and state staff at land grant universities.

What is 4-H?

200
Youth are given the chance to reflect on how they can use their newly gained skills in the future.
What is opportunity to see oneself as an active participant in the future?
200
Volunteers have a plan to involve new members and their families right away so they feel part of the club or group.
What is an inclusive environment?
200
The scientific study of adolescence began in the U.S. in 1904 with this leading American psychologist.
Who is G. Stanley Hall?
300
For more than a decade, these preeminent youth development scholars and their team at the Institute for Applied Research in Youth Development at Tufts University partnered with faculty at land grant universities to conduct ground breaking research/4-H longitudinal study on PYD.
Who are Richard and Jacqueline Lerner?
300

According to research, if youth experience the Five C's of positive youth development they are more likely to give to their family, community, and environment in a positive way.

What is contribution?

300
Members are allowed to solve problems for themselves and the group with minimal advice from adults.
What is opportunity for self determination.
300

Youth are encouraged to support each other rather than compete against each other.

What is a safe emotional and physical environment?

300

The key framework used by 4-H.

What is positive youth development?

400
An understanding that "problem-free is not fully prepared" is fundamental to positive youth development and has been stressed by this highly recognized youth development leader.
Who is Karen Pittman?
400

One of the Five C's, this C focuses on a positive view of one's actions in specific areas including social, academic, cognitive, health, and vocational.

What is competence?

400
Members design and participate in real projects that make a difference in the lives of others.
What is opportunity to value and practice service to others?
400

Youth have a chance to get their hands and mind engaged in learning and make decisions about their own projects.

What is engagement in learning?

400

G. Stanley Hall asserted that all individuals go through "storm and stress" during adolescence. Research began to show that only a small minority of youth showed "storm and stress" during which decade?

What is the 1960's?

500
This philosophical model integrates Western educational thought with wisdom of indigenous culture---represented by a circle showing the universal need for belonging, mastery, independence, and generosity.
What is the Circle of Courage?
500

Internal sense of positive self-worth and self-efficacy.

What is confidence?

500
The 6th C.
What is contribution?
500

Volunteers help each member learn basic skills and challenge them to experiment and learn additional and/or more complex skills on their own.

What is opportunity for mastery?

500

During the 1970s and early 80s most prevention programs limited their focus to individual level risk or protective factors and addressed how many predictors.

What is 1-2?