New Kingdom pharaoh who fought the Hittites to a standstill at Kadesh in 1275 B.C.E. and signed a peace treaty to allow peaceful coexistence in the Ancient Near East.
Who is Ramses II?
100
Athenian politician who occupied the office of strategos for thirty years and presided over the rebuilding of Athens after the Persian invasion and launched the Athenian empire.
Who is Pericles?
100
Rose to power in 48 B.C.E. and declared himself dictator for life in 44 B.C.E., but was assassinated by conspiring senators on the Ides of March of that same year.
Who is Julius Caesar?
100
Christian religious leader who emphasized the universality of his faith and provided precise doctrinal teaching and an efficiently structured organization.
Who is Paul of Tarsus?
100
Powerful New Kingdom pharaoh who co-ruled with Thutmose III for 20 years and portrayed herself in statue form as a male with a beard.
Who is Hatshepsut?
200
Ruler who subdued Sumer, unified the Mesopotamian city-states, and influenced trade from Ethiopia to the Indus Valley.
Who is Sargon of Akkad?
200
Athenian playwright who set most of his tragedies in the mythical past, like Agamemnon in the Oresteia, to make a contemporary point about the rational application of law in fifth-century Athens.
Who is Aeschylus?
200
Part of the first triumvirate who challenged Julius Caesar for sole power in Rome but lost his life when he fled to Alexandria and was murdered there.
Who is Pompey?
200
This Christian religious leader emphasized the theological concepts of human sinfulness and God's omnipotence (all-powerfulness).
Who is Augustine of Hippo?
200
Author of highly personal erotic poetry in the Greek Archaic period.
Who is Sappho?
300
Pharaoh of the Third Dynasty, he was buried in the first step pyramid.
Who is Djoser?
300
Athenian political reformer who set his city on a democratic path by strengthening the power of the Assembly and instituting the tyranny preventative of ostracism.
Who is Cleisthenes?
300
The greatest Roman Stoic believed that virtue leads to happiness, and peace of mind is the highest goal.
Who is Cicero?
300
Alexandrian bishop who supported the idea, later determined to be heretical, that Jesus was part of God's creation, and shared the divine essence, but was not coeternal with God.
Who is Arius?
300
A virtuous Roman wife who committed suicide rather than live with the dishonor of being raped by an Etruscan prince.
Who is Lucretia?
400
Religious revolutionary who tried to limit the power of the priests of Amon at Thebes.
Who is Akhenaten?
400
Athenian politician who repeatedly warned his city against the growing threat of Macedonian military power in the north.
Who is Demosthenes?
400
Elected to the consulship for the first time in 107 B.C.E., he expanded the potential pool of soldiers by abolishing the property-owning requirement.
Who is Marius?
400
Church Father who translated the Bible from Hebrew and Greek into Latin--known as the Vulgate.
Who is Jerome?
400
Bactrian princess and mother of Alexander IV of Macedonia.
Who is Roxane?
500
Founded a new dynasty in Ur around 2100 B.C.E. and commissioned the building of the great ziggurat of that city.
Who is Ur-Nammu?
500
Hellenistic geographer who accurately calculated the earth’s circumference to within 200 miles.
Who is Eratosthenes?
500
A Roman tribune elected in 133 B.C.E. who pressured the Roman Senate to limit land holdings to 300 acres per citizen, but was murdered for his trouble.
Who is Tiberius Gracchus?
500
Church Father who espoused the belief, reinforced by the Council of Nicaea, that Jesus was fully human and fully divine and coeternal with God the Father.
Who is Athanasius?
500
High priestess of Uruk and Ur she wrote hymns to honor Ishtar/Inanna.