GDP Measurement
Sum of C, I, G, and NX?
Expenditure Approach
GDP minus capital depreciation?
Net Domestic Product
Predicts future economic activity?
Leading Indicators
Spending exceeds tax revenue?
Budget Deficit
GDP divided by population?
GDP Per Capita
Sum of wages, rent, and profit?
Income Approach
GDP plus net income abroad?
Gross National Income
Changes after economic shifts?
Lagging Indicators
Central bank's interest rate?
Account (Refinancing) Rate
Sum of exports and imports?
Foreign Trade Turnover
Output minus intermediate inputs?
Value-Added Approach
GNI minus fixed capital consumption?
Net National Product
Occurs during economic activity?
Coincident Indicators
Tax deductions relative to GDP?
Tax Burden Rate
Measures income inequality?
Gini Coefficient
Adjusts nominal for price changes?
GDP Deflator
Total income earned by residents?
National Income
Example of a leading indicator?
Manufacturing orders
Debt growing faster than GDP?
Fiscal Instability Risk
Difference between X and M?
Net Exports
Excludes non-market/informal work?
GDP Limitation
Income left after direct taxes?
Disposable Income
Example of a lagging indicator?
Unemployment Rate
Total currency in circulation?
Money Supply
Economic growth benefiting all?
Inclusive Growth