Defenitions
Agriculture
Growing crops or raising animals to provide food and other products e.g. wool, cotton, honey etc.
A civilian member of a nation who has ethnic or citizenship links to a country their nation is at war with.
Propaganda
Information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote a particular point of view.
Militarism
The late nineteenth century (1800s) was an era of military competition, particularly between the major European powers. The desire to build a stronger military was judged in comparison to neighbours, creating a culture of paranoia that heightened the search for alliances.
Who invented the Spinning Jenny and what benefits did it provide?
James Hargreaves' 'Spinning Jenny', the patent for which is shown here, would revolutionise the process of cotton spinning. The machine used eight spindles onto which the thread was spun, so by turning a single wheel, the operator could now spin eight threads at once.
Artillery
Heavy guns used extensively in WWI that have a long range and can destroy large areas.
Enlistment
The voluntary joining of the armed forces by citizens.
Steam Engine
An engine that uses steam, powered by burning coal, to generate power.
Alliances
The Triple Alliance of 1882 linked Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy. The Triple Entente of 1907 linked France, Britain and Russia.
Which lands were permanently acquired by Britain between 1793-1814?
Suriname, St Dominique, Egypt and Batavia in Indonesia
Censorship
Government control over what the public can see, view or hear.
Homefront
The civilian population and activities of a country whose armed forces are at war.
Trade Union
An organised group of workers in the same or similar trades or professions that protect and improve their working conditions, pay and other interests.
Imperalism
Imperial competition also pushed the countries towards adopting alliances. Colonies were units of exchange that could be bargained without significantly affecting the home country. The establishment of large empires was another way nations in the late nineteenth century were able to demonstrate their superiority over others.
Where did Britain create colonies for its empire?
Britain created colonies in places as far as Africa, India, Australia and North America.
Conscription
The compulsory enlistment of people for state service, usually for the military.
Industralisation
The large scale development of a system of industries.
Trenches
Long channels of land dug out to provide protection for soldiers on the front lines during WWI.
Nationalism
Nationalism was also a new and powerful source of tension in Europe. It was tied to militarism, and clashed with the interests of the imperial powers in Europe. Nationalism created new areas of interest over which nations could compete. Nationalism was the desire for each nation of people to have their own state (government and nation).
Where did Britain create colonies for its empire?
Colonies were found it parts of Australia, Sir Lanka, Singapore and Hong Kong
Empire
A group of countries under the control of one single power.
Interment Camps
A place to keep people locked up under guard, particularly during wartime.
What was the Job experience like?
Long hours of work (12-16 hour shifts), low wages that barely covered the cost of living, dangerous and dirty conditions and workplaces with little or no worker rights.