Big Business & Industrialization
What economic system dominated the U.S. after the Civil War, emphasizing private ownership, profit, and minimal government regulation?
Capitalism
What type of organization did workers form during industrialization to negotiate for better wages and working conditions?
Labor Union
What system, common in the Gilded Age, rewarded political supporters with government jobs regardless of qualifications?
Spoils System
What president launched a series of programs to address economic crisis during the Great Depression of the 1930s?
Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)
What 1898 war against Spain resulted in the U.S. acquiring overseas territories and becoming a global power?
The Spanish-American War
What industry, built on the Bessemer process, made Andrew Carnegie one of the richest men in America?
Steel
What political party emerged from the Farmers’ Alliance and called for reforms like free silver and railroad regulation?
The Populist Party
What 1883 law established a merit-based system for federal jobs to reduce corruption?
Pendleton Act
What 1935 law created pensions for the elderly and unemployment insurance?
The Social Security Act
What style of journalism used sensational headlines and exaggerated stories to build support for war with Spain?
Yellow Journalism
A French term for the political belief that an economy works best if governments do not get involved in them
Laissez-Faire
What 1886 labor protest in Chicago turned violent after a bomb exploded and quickly led to increased fear of unions and anarchists across America?
Haymarket Affair / Haymarket Bombing
What term describes journalists like Ida Tarbell, Ida B Well, and Upton Sinclair who exposed problems within America?
Muckrakers
What 1929 financial event marked the beginning of the Great Depression?
The Stock Market Crash of 1929/Black Tuesday
The name of the diplomatic message from Germany that attempted to convince Mexico to attack the US that helped push the US into WWI and the attack that pulled the US into WWII.
Zimmerman Telegram and Pearl Harbor
What company, created through trusts, allowed John D. Rockefeller to dominate the oil industry?
Standard Oil
What major 1877 labor conflict, triggered by wage cuts, became the first nationwide strike in U.S. history?
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877
What constitutional amendment, passed during the Progressive Era, allowed voters to directly elect U.S. senators?
17th Amendment
What three-word phrase describes the main goals of New Deal programs?
Relief, Recovery, Reform
What policy led to the forced relocation of hundreds of thousands of Japanese Americans into camps during World War II?
Internment
This business strategy allowed business owners like Andrew Carnegie to control the entire production of goods from raw materials to production to distribution; while this other strategy, used most famously by John D Rockefeller, helped to eliminate competitors and create monopolies in many industries
Vertical Integration; Horizontal Integration
This labor organization wanted to unite all workers in the US, regardless of race, gender, skill, or immigration status into 1 group to help all workers succeed. While this other labor organization only wanted skilled, white, male, American workers in their group to better their chances of attaining their goals.
Knights of Labor; American Federation of Labor
Theodore Roosevelt's domestic reform program known as the Square Deal emphasized helping improve America through the 3 Cs which were what?
Corporate Regulation, Consumer Protection, Conservation of Natural Resources
What New Deal agency provided ~9 million jobs to Americans around the country through building roads, bridges, and public buildings between1935 & 1943?
Works Progress Administration (WPA)
What two laws passed during World War I limited free speech and punished criticism of the government?
The Espionage and Sedition Acts