Renaissance
What is the French word for rebirth? In Chapter 12, Transformation of Europe, historians refer to this age of cultural revival as the __________________ .
What is "Renaissance"?
Who published Europe’s first printed book, and what year did this happen?
Who is Johannes Gutenberg and in 1455 C.E.?
What physicist published "the Principia", or "Principles", a book that explained the laws of gravity and motion, and what country is he from?
Who is Sir Isaac Newton and England (Great Britain or U.K.)?
Which Russian monarch embraced reform ideas in education and social welfare?
Who is Catherine the Great, a.k.a. Catherine II?
Where did the renaissance begin?
What is Italy?
In 1550, the Italian artist Giorgio Vasari wrote a book that praised the revival of classical Greek and Roman culture. What was the title of the book?
What was "the lives of the artists"?
What "Renaissance man" was most famous for his painting “the Mona Lisa”, a portrait of a woman with a mysterious smile?
Who was Leonardo Da Vinci?
The observations of what Italian scientist supported the heliocentric theory?
Who was Galileo Galilei?
Who wrote the book The Spirit of the Laws, a book detailing the need for a three-part system of government, with a separation of powers among executive, legislative, and judicial branches?
Who is Baron de Montesquieu (MON-tuh-skyoo)?
MON-TE-SQUIEU
What five countries did the Renaissance spread to?
What are France, Great Britain (England), Belgium (Flanders), Germany, and Holland (Netherlands)?
Gutenberg's printing press caused an explosion in book publishing, and by the 1500s, hundreds of printing houses across Europe had produced how many different book titles?
What were 30,000 book titles?
Which brilliant artist is attributed with paintings that depicted the human body in astonishing detail?
Who was Michelangelo?
In 1651 C.E., Thomas Hobbes wrote Leviathan, a book that argued people were naturally selfish and needed strong rulers to keep order. What form of government did he believe was the best?
What was absolute monarchy was the best form of government?
After a career in politics, Francis Bacon continued his scientific work. What caused him to die in 1626 C.E.? (What was he doing?)
What was died of pneumonia contracted while conducting an experiment to understand the effect of freezing on preservation?
The ideas of natural rights, liberty, and republican government spread across Europe and the Americas, even encouraging revolutions in which two countries during the late 1700s?
What are France and the United States?
Who was the first great writer of the Italian Renaissance? His greatest work was called "The Divine Comedy", an epic poem that describes the author's imaginary journey through the afterlife.
Who was Dante Alighieri?
Who was the greatest writer of the Northern Renaissance who lived from 1564 to 1616 C.E.? The themes of classical culture (Greek & Roman) and humanism (blends of religious and secular ideas) are evident in many of his plays. Othello, Romeo & Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, etc.
Who was William Shakespeare?
John Locke favored a constitutional monarchy. He argued that the basis of government was a social contract in which people agree to be ruled in return for what?
What are protection of their natural rights?
After the death of his father in 1579 C.E., Sir Francis Bacon returned to England, and found himself in considerable debt. What did the formerly wealthy scientist do to support himself?
René Descartes was born in 1596 C.E. in the small town of La Haye. He later served a short time in the Army before pursuing his passion in mathematics. In what country was he born, and what country did he serve in the military?
What are France and Netherlands?
Which Renaissance writer wrote books with political themes? His best work is a book called “The Prince”, that offered practical advice to rulers. He wrote that a ruler should always be ready for war, and that it is “more important for a ruler to be feared than to be loved”.
Who was Niccolo Machiavelli?
In October 1517 C.E. , a Catholic scholar in Germany wrote a letter to the archbishop of Mainz. In the letter, he criticized church corruption and called for reforms. What was the name of this former law school student?
Who was Martin Luther?
In 1543 C.E., the Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus offered a theory that went against Aristotle (a classic philosopher). He determined that Earth and the other planets revolve around the sun. What was this idea called?
What is heliocentric theory?
Which French philosopher believed that people are corrupted by society, but also recognized that government was necessary and argued for a political system based on the will of the people?
Who is Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
Sir Francis Bacon was born into wealth, and in 1576 C.E., he set out to study abroad in other countries. The death of his father in 1579 prompted Bacon's return to England. Where was he born, and where did he go study?
What are born in England and studied in France and Italy?