Are you Kidney me
In the early stages of diabetes, elvevated blood glucose levels lead to this
What is Glomerular Hyperfiltration.
Most common cause of AKI in young adults
What is dehydration?
Released by the liver in response to renin
What is angitensinogen
The general recommendation for protein intake for a person with AKI
What is 25-35 kcal/kg of body weight?
Function is to reabsorb and secrete substances in or out of the filtrate wthe the assistance of the peritubular capillaries.
What is the renal tubule?
Waste product found in the blood that if elevated indicated kidney damage
What is serum creatine?
Disorder that encompasses a wide array of conditions characterized by abnormalities in the biochemical process through which our bodies convert food into energy.
What is metabolic disorders.
What is calcium oxalate?
Cells that are responsible for releasing renin.
What are juxtaglomerular cells.
After this amount of time AKI becomes CKD
What is 6 months
A powerful vasocinstrictor
Angiotensin II
The type of diet that is typically recommended for individuals with AKI
What is a Carbohydrate rich diet?
Where only ions are filtered
What is the ascending arm of the loop of Henle?
The two most common conditions associated with the development of CKD
What are diabetes and hypertension?
The 4 types of Metaoblic Disorders
What are:
Diabetes, Obesity, dyslipidemia, Metabolic Syndrome?
1000-2000 mg/day
Afferent Arteriole hypertrophy due to diabetes results in this regarding blood flow
What is Decrease Blood Flow
Two cause of Postrenal AKI
What is
Ureteral Obstruction
Bladder Obstruction
location where angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II
What is the lung?
Overhydration in AKI can result in these three conditions
What are:
Edema,
hypertension
Pulmonary congestion
The structure in the nephron that reabsorbs most of the parts of the filtrate that we need to survive.
What is the proximal convoluted tubule?
The number of minutes per week of aerobic exercise an individual with CKD should partake in.
What is 150 min?
Increased cortisol leads to this form of resistance
What is insulin resistance?
struvite stone
Diabetes damages the endothelial cells causing two things to happen
What is increased permeability and inflammation and potential stheroclerosis?
The three typical causes of intrarenal AKI
What are:1) Acute Tubular Necrosis
2) Acute Glomerulonephritis
3) Intersitial Nephritis
This hormone also promtes potassium excretion, which can lead to hypokalemia
What is Aldosterone
What three electolytes should be closely monitored in patients with AKI
What are:
Potassium
Phosphorus
Sodium
Its goal is to concentrate the urine and it will accomplish this with the renal medulla.
What is the Loop of Henle
Individuals with CKD should limit their sodium intake to
What is <2300 mg/day?
Elevated LDL, Decreased HDL, Elevated Triglycerides
What is Dyslipidemia
What type of stone is formed from purines
What are Uric acid stones?
1) Low blood pressure
2) Decreased sodium delivery to the distal tubule
3) SNS stimulation
The four key causes of decrease kidney perfusion
What is
1) hypovolemia
2) HF CVA MI
3) Severe Infection
4) Renal Artery Stenosis
Increased renal sodium reabsorption, overactivity of the RAAS and sns activity can lead to this condition
What is primary hypertension?
What two vitamins should be monitored with patients who may have to go on dialysis to prevent osteoporosis
What are calcuim and vitamin D?
What are Sodium, water, calcium, and bicarbonate
This group of water soluble vitamins should especially be taken for people on dialysis
What are B vitamins?
Three diets that can have a positive response in managing Metabolic Disorders
What is DASH, Mediterranean, and Whole Food Plant Based diets?
Dark colas can produce this type of stone
What is calcium phosphate stones