Strength Measures
what are the 3 different strength measures
muscular strength, muscular endurance, muscular power
what is sarcopenia
excessive age-related loss of muscle strength and function
proper procedures for 1-RM testing
-warm up with submax reps
-initial weight 50-75% capacity
-perform at same speed and ROM each trial
-3-5 min between trials
what does grip strength tell you about all-cause mortality and CVD
-higher grip strength leads to longer life
-tells you more about all-cause mortality than blood pressure does
-is equal to blood pressure in determining how likely someone is to die from CVD
-significantly related to likelihood for having CVD, blood pressure tells you more
what are the muscular endurance tests
-pushup
-bench press
-side bridge
-trunk flexion/extension
-plank
-grip strength
-isokinetic testing
what is muscular strength
how much force the muscles are capable of generating at once
what happens once disability threshold is reached
individual needs assistance or devices to live a normal life
do the 7 equations under or overpredict 1RM, which equation is best, and which exercise is most accurate and which is least accurate?
underpredict, wathan, bench press is most and squat is least
what does grip strength tell you about mental health
-higher grip strength associated with 20-30% decreased risk of suicide
-15-65% less likely to get a psychiatric diagnosis
what is the ideal challenge:compression ratio and which is the best and worst tests for this
high challenge, low compression, plank is one of the best because it activates core and has no compression on spine, but curl ups/sit ups are the worst due to low activation/challenge and high compression/stress on back
what is muscular endurance
how well can a muscle contract without losing as much force output if it keeps contracting regularly, how well can it sustain multiple contractions (push-up test)
what level do we keep men and women at to be above disability threshold
men at 25.5 kg and women at 18 kg
the more complex a movement is, the more or less correlation between free weight and machines?
less correlation for more complex movement
how did grip strength correlate to job specific tasks in the firefighter study
what are the 3 mcgill tests and what do they show
side bridge, trunk flexion/extension, they show core imbalances
what is muscular power
how fast can you generate the most force (vertical jump)
if a muscle attached to a bone is strong, will it be more or less dense?
more
which exercise has the best correlation and which has the worst
bench/chest press has best and squat/leg worst correlation because it's not the same movement
what was the difference between endurance trained elderly people and untrained elderly people when it comes to grip strength and why
there is none because endurance has nothing to do with grip strength
what is the weight used for men and women for the YMCA bench press test and what is the pace that must be kept
men - 80
women - 35
pace - 30 reps/min
what are the differences between the 3 strength measures
strength is the most force at one time, endurance is how long can force be sustained, and power is taking speed into consideration while generating the most force
are fat cells insulin resistant or insulin sensitive? muscle cells?
fat cells = insulin resistant
muscle cells = insulin sensitive
who might benefit from submaximal 1RM testing instead of traditional 1RM testing
-people who haven't touched weights to give them less severe DOMS
-older people who are more fragile and can weight lift, but not that much force in one motion
-people with heart conditions
what is isokinetic testing, and what does it do?
-isokinetic testing is the same force, resistance, and speed to determine where there is weakness in someone's ROM
-diagnoses imbalances (like H:Q ratio)
-unique because it lets us see specific weak angles and ranges
what is the correlation between injury risk and the pushup test
low score on test is highly correlated to higher injury risk, high score is highly correlated to low injury risk
aka inversely related